Garfish

Garfish
Spotted fish ( Lepisosteus oculatus ) in an aquarium of the Aquazoo in Düsseldorf.
Systematics
Superclass : Jaw mouths (Gnathostomata) Class : Ray fins (Actinopterygii) Subclass : Neuflosser (Neopterygii) Subclass : Bone organoids (holostei) Ginglymodes Order : Garfish
Scientific name
Lepisosteiformes
Hay , 1929

The bonefish-like (Lepisosteiformes ( Gr .: "Lepis" = scale, "osteon" = bone)) are a primeval bonefish order that still occurs today with a family, the bonefish (Lepisosteidae) in North and Central America. Order was more widespread in the Cretaceous Period . Fossils have been found in North, Central and South America, Europe, Africa and India. Many of them can be assigned to the Lepisosteidae, two morphologically more primitive genera are placed in the Obaichthyidae family .

features

The bonefish-like are elongated predatory fish that have a more or less elongated, beak-like snout with powerful fangs and a round body cross-section. They are described as those neopterygii (Neopterygii) diagnosed that opisthocoele vortex centers have, that they are concave convex on the front and at the back. They also have a "tongue bone", the basihyale, a toothed bony plate between the hyoid bones . Your dorsal and anal fins are far back on your body. About 75 to 88% of the standard length lies in front of the base of the dorsal fin.

Internal system

• Order bonefish (Lepisosteiformes)
  • † Beiduyu Murray et al., 2015
  • † Lepidotes Agassiz, 1832
  • † Isanichthys Cavin & Suteethorn 2006
  • † Scheenstia López-Arbarello & Sferco, 2011
  • † Thaiichthys Cavin, Deesri & Suteethorn, 2013
  • Subordination Lepisosteoidei
    • † Araripelepidotes Santos, 1990
    • † Pliodetes Wenz, 1999
    • Superfamily Lepisosteoidea
      • Family pike (Lepisosteidae)
      • † Family Obaichthyidae

literature

• Adriana López-Arbarello: Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Ginglymodian Fishes (Actinopterygii: Neopterygii). PLoS ONE , doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0039370
• Lance Grande: An empirical synthetic pattern study of gars (Lepisosteiformes) and closely related species, based mostly on skeletal anatomy: the resurrection of Holostei. Publisher, Year: Lawrence, Kansas, Allen Press, 2010

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Alison M. Murray, Lida Xing, Julien Divay, Juan Liu and Fengping Wang. 2015. A Late Jurassic Freshwater Fish (Ginglymodi, Lepisosteiformes) from Qijiang, Chongqing, China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (2) DOI: 10.1080 / 02724634.2014.911187
2. ↑ Lionel Cavin, Uthumporn Deesri & Varavudh Suteethorn. 2013. Osteology and relationships of Thaiichthys nov. gen .: a Ginglymodi from the Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous of Thailand. Paleontology. 56 (1): 183-208. doi: 10.1111 / j.1475-4983.2012.01184.x

Web links

Commons : Lepisosteiformes  - collection of images, videos and audio files