Lex Cornelia testamentaria nummaria

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The Lex Cornelia testamentaria nummaria , later also called Lex Cornelia de falsis , was a Roman law from the year 81 BC. BC, which regulated forgery, litigation and the coinage crime. It is part of the Leges Corneliae enacted by Sulla . A fundamental overvaluation of the coin already provided basic protection.

Coin crimes

During the time of the republic, the law forbade the modification of silver coins by adding inferior metals, as well as forging coins and their passing on into the economic cycle. In the event of a violation, free citizens were threatened with banishment, unfree with death.

During the imperial era , the law was extended to counterfeit gold coins and the penalties were significantly tightened. The law forbade the melting down or manipulation - for example by shortage - of the coins. Since the authenticity of the coins was based on the forma publica , illegally minted coins enjoyed the character of valid money if the die had been stolen and used. Since the rejection of Roman gold and silver denominations bearing the emperor's likeness was also made a criminal offense, barbaric imitation coins were also affected.

In late antiquity this was even considered an insult to majesty .

Litigation

The Lex Cornelia de falsis forbade the active and passive influence of witnesses and made false statements a criminal offense.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Ulpian , Digest 48,10,9.
  2. ↑ Paul. Sent. 5.25, 1 ff;
  3. ↑ Karl Strobel (as author): Monetary and monetary history of the Imperium Romanum as reflected in the development of the 3rd century AD - Economic history in the conflict between metallism and nominalism In: Karl Strobel (ed.): Die Ökonomie des Imperium Romanum: Structures, models and evaluations in the field of tension between modernism and neoprimitivism , St. Katharinen 2002, ISBN 3-89590-135-0 . Pp. 114 and 116 f.
  4. ↑ Ulpian, Digest 48,13,8.

literature

  • Alexander Nogrady: Roman criminal law according to Ulpian. Books 7 to 9 De officio proconsulis (= Freiburg legal-historical treatises. NF 52). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-428-12257-7 , p. 214 ff., (Also: Freiburg (Breisgau), University, dissertation, 2005/2006).
  • Henning Ernst Müller : false testimony and participation theory. Mohr-Siebeck, Tübingen 2000, ISBN 3-16-147347-7 , p. 11 f., (At the same time: Berlin, Freie Universität, habilitation paper, 1999).
  • Theodor Mommsen : Roman criminal law. Unchanged photomechanical reprint of the Leipzig edition in 1899. Akademische Druck- und Verlags-Anstalt, Graz 1955, p. 672 f.