Lindemann glass

Lindemann glass is a lithium beryllium borate glass. The chemical elements silicon , sodium and calcium in ordinary glass have been replaced by lighter elements. The glass is named after the brothers Frederick Alexander Lindemann (1886–1957) and Charles Lindemann († 1970), who developed the glass together with Walther Nernst in Berlin.

composition

To produce Lindemann glass, the mixing ratio of 14.4 g Li ₂ CO ₃ , 6.44 g Be (OH) ₂ and 50 g H ₃ BO _{3 is} melted.

use

Due to the absence of heavy, absorbent elements, Lindemann glass is particularly suitable for applications in X-ray technology. In the early years, Lindemann glass was used as a material for the exit windows of X-ray tubes . Nowadays, beryllium foils are mainly used here.

Pith tubes for crystal assembly. The inside diameter here is approx. 0.3 mm and the length 80 mm.

Another important application is the manufacture of capillaries ( “marrow tubes” ) for mounting samples for X-ray diffraction . These capillaries are commercially available in a variety of sizes. This can be used to mount single crystals as well as crystalline powders .

literature

• Lindemannglas In: Lexicon of Chemistry , Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg, 1998.
• Standard Terminology of Glass and Glass Products ( ASTM International )
• A. Schleede, M. Wellmann: Note on the production of a Lindemann glass for capillaries for the purpose of absorbing air-sensitive substances with long-wave X-rays . In: Journal of Crystallography . tape 83 , no. 1-6 , 1932, pp. 148-149 , doi : 10.1524 / zkri.1932.83.1.148 .
• H. Menzel, S. Sliwinski: Studies on the Li ₂ O – BeO – B ₂ O ₃ I system . In: Journal of Inorganic and General Chemistry . tape 249 , no. 4 , 1942, pp. 357-385 , doi : 10.1002 / zaac.19422490403 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ New Scientist , Jan. 27, 1972, p. 217.
2. ↑ G. Brauer: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 1 . 2nd Edition. Academic Press, New York 1963, ISBN 978-0-12-126601-1 , pp. 796 .
3. ↑ Harold P. Klug, Leroy E. Alexander: X-ray diffraction procedures for polycrystalline and amorphous materials . 2nd Edition. Wiley-Interscience, New York 1974, ISBN 0-471-49369-4 , pp. 65-66 .
4. ^ PF Lindley: International Tables for Crystallography , Volume C: Mathematical, Physical and Chemical Tables . Ed .: E. Prince. 3. Edition. Springer, Dordrecht 2004, ISBN 978-1-4020-1900-5 , pp. 162 .