Link 1

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Link 1 (NATO original name: Tactical Data Exchange for Air Defense, S-series ) is a NATO standard for tactical data links in air defense .

definition

The NATO data link standard for tactical data links (TDL) in air defense - hereinafter Link 1 - defines a data link format in accordance with the NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) for the transfer of bit-coded and formatted data within and between military IT architectures or to BOS .

Note:
In common usage, the two different terms Link 1 - data format and Link 1 - data content of the information to be transmitted are often mixed up or even confused.

history

Link 1 is a data link standard of the first generation and was developed and introduced in the 1950s as a pure air surveillance data link format for radar track data exchange between defined geographical areas ( Area of ​​Responsibility , AOR, or Track Continuity Area , TCA) and has been used ever since.

use

Today Link 1 is not only used within NATO and the Bundeswehr , but also by the PfP . Within the Air Force , Link 1 is used in the operational command service by the Control and Reporting Centers (CRC) of the operational command associations and the air defense. Affected are the FüWES , the Air Command and Control System GIADS as a successor product of the ARKONA and the training system LORA.

Specification Link 1

Link 1 specification designation
Reference documents STANAG 5501 (Ed. 4) January 2007
NCGX-101-IS
Degree of standardization NATO data link standard S-series-messages
Configuration
control 		- ADSC (implementation)
- ADSIA (standards)
Affected TSK
and FüWES 		Air Force, Army
GIADS
Transmitted
messages 		1. surveillance (only air)
2. ECM strobe-tell
3. Info management
Message
format 		2 messages / frame
- 128 bits / frame
- 49 infobits / message 		fixed message format
Message label S-series
Number of messages 6th
Track types a. Ground Environment tracks (GE)
b. Airborne Early Warning (AEW) tracks
c. GE / AEW tracks
d. E-3A tracks
Link messages a. S0 - Test Message
b. S3 - IFF / SIF message
c. S4 - Basic Track Data Message
d. S5 - Expanded Track Data
Message 		Link 1 supported NATO Air Defense Ground Environment (NADGE) messages
Transmission
speeds 		1200 bit / sec (base speed)
600 or 2400 bit / sec
connection FSK, point-to-point Fiber optic, wire, RiFu
IT security ECM
crypto 		no
no
Releasable to: - NATO
- PfP Nations
- Internet 		Yes
yes
yes

Other military data link standards

First generation data links

First generation data link standards were developed from the mid-1960s. These are proprietary data link formats that do not support any direct exchange of data and information between different systems without special data conversion.

Link 1 Link 3 Link 4
(TADIL C)		 Link 6 MBDL PADIL Link 7 Link 14
STANAG 5501
NCGX-101-IS 		SHAPE
Ref. Doc 		STANAG 5504
---
NDGA-002-IS 		US Reference
Paper
MIS-2090 1B
STANAG 5514
---
Tactical
Data Exchange
for
Air Defense 		SHOC
Early
Warning
System 		Tactical
Data Exchange
for the Control of
Aircraft 		SAM
Automatic
Data
Link 		Missile Battery
Data Link

 Patriot
Air Defense
Language
 Air
Traffic
Control
Data Link
(ATC) 		Maritime
Tactical
Data
Broadcast
S-Series Special C / R Series Special Special Special D / H / S / E-Series
Point to point Point to point Point to point Point to point Point to point Point to point Point to point Broadcast

See also second and third generation data link standards .

Note:
NATO data link standards are developed by the Data Link Working Group (DLWG) in the Information Systems Sub-Committee (ISSC).

rating

As a first generation NATO data link standard, Link 1 is outdated and does not meet the current operational requirements - or only to a limited extent. In addition, the confidentiality of the data content to be transferred must NOT be guaranteed due to the lack of ECM resistance and insufficient crypto security.

References

Web links