List of Australian penal colonies
The list includes the British penal colonies of the convict colony of Australia . In the period from 1788 to 1857, 134,000 prisoners were transported there. The convict colonies were first in Sydney and later in other parts of New South Wales , Norfolk Island , Queensland , Tasmania and only for a short time in Western Australia . Most of the prisoner colonies were in Tasmania.
| Convict Colonies | Country | opening | closure | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cockatoo Island | New South Wales | 1839 | 1869 | Part of the UNESCO - World Heritage Australian Convict Sites |
| Great North Road | New South Wales | 1825 | 1836 | Part of the UNESCO - World Heritage Australian Convict Sites |
| Rose Hill Convict Colony | New South Wales | 1788 | ||
| Sydney Cove | New South Wales | 1788 | ||
| Moreton Bay Convict Colony | Queensland | 1824 | ||
| Redcliffe | Queensland | 1823 | 1824 | |
| Brickendon and Woolmers Estates | Tasmania ( Van Diemens Land ) | Part of the UNESCO World Heritage Australian Convict Sites | ||
|
Coal Mines Historic Site also (Saltwater River) on the Tasman Peninsula |
Tasmania (Van Diemens Land) | 1833 | 1848 | Part of the UNESCO World Heritage Australian Convict Sites |
| Darlington Probation Station on Maria Island | Tasmania (Van Diemens Land) | 1825 | 1851 | Part of the UNESCO World Heritage Australian Convict Sites |
| Port Arthur | Tasmania (Van Diemens Land) | Part of the UNESCO World Heritage Australian Convict Sites | ||
| Richmond | Tasmania (Van Diemens Land) | Part of the UNESCO World Heritage Australian Convict Sites | ||
| Risdon Cove | Tasmania (Van Diemens Land) | |||
| Macquarie Harbor Penal Colony on Sarah Island | Tasmania (Van Diemens Land) | Part of the Tasmanian Wilderness UNESCO World Heritage Site |
||
| Sullivan's Cove | Tasmania (Van Diemens Land) | 1804 | ||
| Swan River Colony | Western Australia | |||
| Kingston and Arthurs Vale Historic Area on Norfolk Island | Another | Part of the UNESCO World Heritage Australian Convict Sites |