Australian Convict Sites

Australian Convict Sites
UNESCO world heritage
Port Arthur in Tasmania , built by convicts
National territory:	Australia
Type:	World Heritage
Criteria :	(iv) (vi)
Reference No .:	1306
UNESCO region :	Asia and Pacific
History of enrollment
Enrollment:	2010  (session 34)

Hyde Park Barracks in Sydney , built by convicts

Roads on Devines Hill made by convicts (1825–1836) from Sydney to the Hunter Valley

Eleven Australian Convict Sites (German: Monument-protected Convict Sites in Australia ) were entered into the UNESCO World Heritage List on August 2, 2010 . These are listed sites, objects and a street that were built between the 18th and 19th centuries, when Australia was still a convict colony . The eleven historical locations were chosen to represent the living and working conditions of the convicts, but they also show what services the convicts performed or what they were forced to do.

Of these World Heritage Sites, five are in Tasmania , four in New South Wales and one location each in Western Australia and Norfolk Island . These include examples of the working and living conditions of convicts in convict camps and prisons, the construction of a road and a government building, work and life in a coal mine and on a farm. There are more than 3000 places that date back to the people of the Australian penal colony.

The selection and presentation is also intended to show how a change took place in the treatment of convicts from rigid compulsion to work, barracked accommodation and discipline, work for the general public and work for private commercial enterprises to the more liberal treatment and accommodation that the Governor Lachlan Macquarie initiated.

Eleven locations were selected that best reflect the conditions at the time:

• Cockatoo Island , New South Wales , convict camp
• Great North Road , New South Wales, construction of a road
• Hyde Park Barracks , New South Wales, convict buildings
• Old Government House in Parramatta , New South Wales, construction of a government building
• Kingston and Arthurs Vale Historic Area , Norfolk Island , convict camp
• Brickendon and Woolmers Estates , Tasmania , convict housing and farm work
• Cascades Female Factory (Tasmania), women's convict camp
• Coal Mines Historic Site , Tasmania, coal mine
• Darlington Probation Station , Tasmania, convict camp
• Port Arthur , Tasmania, convict camp
• Fremantle Prison , Western Australia , prison

The Australian Convict Sites are also on the Australian National Heritage List .

Web links

• Overview with site sketches and data (PDF; 2.3 MB)
• Australian Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (2008) Australian convict sites: nomination for UNESCO World Heritage

Individual evidence

1. ↑ UNESCO's World Heritage "Australian Convict Sites" webpages . Retrieved January 4, 2010
2. ↑ Cockatoo Island . Retrieved January 4, 2010
3. ^ Great North Road . Retrieved January 4, 2010
4. ^ Hyde Park Barracks . Retrieved January 4, 2010
5. ↑ Old Government House in Parramatta . Retrieved January 4, 2010
6. ^ Kingston and Arthurs Vale Historic Area . Retrieved January 4, 2010
7. ^ Brickendon and Woolmers Estates . Retrieved January 4, 2010
8. ^ Cascades Female Factory . Retrieved January 4, 2010
9. ^ Coal Mines Historic Site . Retrieved January 4, 2010
10. ^ Darlington Probation Station . Retrieved January 4, 2010
11. ↑ Port Arthur . Retrieved January 4, 2010
12. ↑ Fremantle Prison . Retrieved January 4, 2010