Lloyd C
The Lloyd C-types developed by the Hungarian Lloyd aircraft and engine factory in Aszód were reconnaissance aircraft used by the Kuk aviation troops in the First World War .
development
The first Lloyd B (Series 40), known as the “Pfeilflieger” ( arrow flier) because of its rearward-staggered wings, was delivered to the Kuk aviation troops in the summer of 1914 before the war began . Lieutenant Heinrich Bier reached a spectacular 6,170 m altitude with one passenger on board at the flight meeting in Vienna - Aspern on June 27, 1914 with the first aircraft (40.01) .
In 1915, after various prototypes, the Lloyd CI (Series 41) followed as a military version of the "arrow flyer". The Hiero engine was in a pointed fairing from which only the cylinder heads protruded. The fabric-covered ailerons, like the fuselage, extended beyond the trailing edge of the wing and were only present in the upper wing; the wings themselves had a wooden frame and were plywood-paneled.
This was followed by the Lloyd C.II (Series 42) with a more powerful engine with 160 HP (partly only 145 HP), of which 50 each were built by Lloyd and 50 in the Wiener Karosserie- und Flugzeugfabrik (WKF). Typical for this and the other C-types were the long, shared cockpit for pilots and observers. The initially unarmed aircraft were later given a Schwarzlose MG for the observer.
100 Lloyd C.III (Series 43), published in 1916 , also half produced by WKF and Lloyd, had a slightly longer casing to accommodate the more powerful 160 hp engine, but remained otherwise similar to C.II. Some aircraft were given a second machine gun for the pilot, mounted above the upper wing. Because of its good flight characteristics and excellent climbing ability, this type was mainly used on the Italian front in mountain areas.
The Lloyd C.IV (Series 44), which was still built in 1916, was a variant of the C.III with a separate cockpit surround for the crew; at WKF it went into series production with the numbers 44.50 to 44.99. However, there is no evidence that this model was used.
The Lloyd CV (Series 46) had some aerodynamic improvements and looked much more compact: clad propeller hub, higher rudder, rounded rudder surfaces, diagonal wing struts, shorter wings. The first 50 aircraft delivered by Lloyd in 1917 were fitted with the Austrian Austro-Daimler engine with 185 hp, the second 50 German Benz Bz IV engines, reproduced under license , which made the aircraft around 32 km / h faster with 220 hp (series 46.5). Lloyd CV had plywood wings for the first time. Although these offered less air resistance than the canvas-covered wings, they deformed in moisture and could cause the plane to crash. WKF produced more CVs with Benz engines as the 82 series, which mainly went to the Eastern Front .
commitment
The approximately 500 built Lloyd C types were widespread as reconnaissance aircraft and bombers , especially in the first half of the war . From 1917 they no longer met the requirements of the front and were mainly only used for training purposes.
After the war, the Polish air force used the aircraft until around 1920.
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Lloyd B series 40 | Lloyd CI Series 41 | Lloyd C.II series 42 | Lloyd C.III series 43 | Lloyd C.IV series 44 | Lloyd CV Series 45 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| constructor | Tibor Melczer | |||||
| crew | 2 | |||||
| length | 8.90 m | 9.00 m | 8.80 m | 7.22 m | ||
| Wingspan above | 14.40 m | 14.60 m | 14.50 m | 11.20 m | ||
| Wingspan below | 13.80 m | |||||
| height | 3.15 m | 3.20 m | 3.18 m | 3.00 m | ||
| Wing area | 37 m² | 27.63 m² | ||||
| Empty mass | 810 kg | 880 kg | 980 kg | 920 kg | 890 kg | 800 kg |
| Takeoff mass | 1060 kg | 1250 kg | 1310 kg | 1300 kg | 1200 kg | 1125 kg |
| Fuel supply | 260 l | |||||
| Top speed | 130 km / h | 140 km / h | 150 km / h | 133 km / h | 140 km / h | 170 km / h |
| Service ceiling | 4300 m | 4200 m | 4500 m | |||
| Climbing time to 1000 m | 6 min | 6.12 min | 4.3 min | |||
| Range | 600 km | 700 km | 800 km | 800 km | ||
| Flight duration | 5:30 h | |||||
| Engines | a water-cooled inline engine Austro-Daimler | a water-cooled in- line engine Benz Bz IV | ||||
| Engine power | 140 hp (103 kW) | 145 hp (107 kW) | 160 PS (118 kW) | 220 hp (162 kW) | ||
| Armament | - | one MG 7.62 mm | one or two MG 7.62 mm | |||
See also
literature
- Enzo Angelucci, Paolo Matricardi: Airplanes from the beginnings to the First World War , Wiesbaden 1976, ISBN 3-8068-0391-9
- Peter M. Grosz: Austro-Hungarian Army Aircraft of World War One , Flying Machine Press, Colorado 2002
- Bill Gunston: World Encyclopedia of Aircraft Manufacturers , Naval Institute Press, Annapolis 1993
- Reinhard Keimel : Österreichs Luftfahrzeuge , Graz 1981, ISBN 3-900310-03-3
- Kenneth Munson: Bomber 1914-19 , Zurich 1968
- Justin D. Murphy: Military Aircraft: Origins to 1918 , ABC-Clio, Santa Barbara 2005
- Heinz Nowarra: The Development of Aircraft 1914-18 , Munich 1959
- Michael JH Taylor: Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation , Studio Editions, London 1989
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ cf. http://www.oefh.at/oefh-nachrichten-2010-2.html ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ cf. ÖFH news 2/10
