Lo Rat Penat

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The bat, the emblem of Lo Rat Penat
The seat of Lo Rat Penat in Valencia with the large bat sculpture by Nassio Bayarri

Lo Rat Penat (The Bat) - also spelled Lo Rat-Penat - is a Valencian cultural society founded in 1878. The main task of this society was and is the promotion, mediation and dissemination of the Valencian language and culture. The company is based in the city of Valencia in the palace of the Barons de Alaquàs. The company or association name Lo Rat Penat was chosen based on the city of Valencia's heraldic animal, the bat. According to legend, domesticated bats kept the city of Valencia, which was originally surrounded by marshland, mosquito-free for humans and thus made a culture possible in the first place.

history

The association was founded in 1878 on the initiative of the poet and writer Constantí Llombart as a supra-political cultural association for all Valencians. The association should explicitly bring together Valencians from different political directions. Llombart was soon slowed down and stopped in this endeavor by the conservative Valencian bourgeoisie such as the writers T. Llorente and Olivares, J. Labaila, Bigné R. Ferrer, C. Liebevoll, L. Trenor Ruiz von Lihory. This conservative group rejected the politicization of the Valencian cultural claims against the Spanish royal family, they stood behind the Spanish monarchy without any ifs or buts and they advocated the thesis of the primacy of poetry over any other art form. In a way, they disapproved of the founder's project. This provoked some splits in the years and decades that followed. In 1888, for example, the Llombart wing split off with the republican organization Oronella . In 1904 the Valencia Nova organization split from the movement because of the deadlock on the normalization of the Valencian language . The Lo Rat Penat movement was still able to maintain its reputation, although it did not keep up with the general needs of the Valencian Community, such as language normalization together with the other Catalan-speaking areas or the demand for language rights from the central government.

In the language question, Lo Rat Penat initially assumed that the terms Catalan and Valencian denote one and the same language. These early documents spoke of the language Catalan-Valencian ( catalán-valenciano ). From the 1970s onwards, there were some disputes, in the course of which members such as Manuel Sanchis Guarner or Joan Senent had to leave the society on charges of linguistic Catalanism . This conflict culminated in the assertion of a completely independent Valencian language, completely separate from Catalan. Only in the later so-called Dictamen de Benidorm from February 2005 was the internal unity of the Catalan and Valencian languages officially established by the Academia Valenciana de la Llengua , recognized and prescribed as a binding concept for all institutions downstream in the language issue.

After the Spanish Civil War , Lo Rat Penat was initially tolerated and was able to serve as a shelter for some Valencian-Catalan cultural centers. Then C. Salvador i Gimeno created an important function for Lo Rat Penat with the Valencian language courses . Another well-known activity of the Lo Rat Penat association were the Jocs Florals of Valencia , which were held in Valencia from 1879 , poetry competitions in Valencian and Spanish. Alternating with the Jocs Florals of Valencia, theater and folklore competitions were held.

President

The following presidents have led Lo Rat Penat over the years :

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana: Lo Rat Penat.
  2. ^ A b Alberto de la Cruz Nevado: La leyenda de Lo Rat Penat: nuestro murciélago. May 5, 2017, Retrieved October 28, 2019 (Spanish).
  3. ^ Academia Valenciana de la Llengua: On the nature of Valencian. Retrieved October 30, 2019 .