Lojsta hall

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The Lojsta hall (dt. Hall of Lojsta ) is a reconstructed Iron Age house near Lojsta in the parish ( Swedish socken ) Stånga on the Swedish island Gotland .

Lojstahallen

Find situation

The Iron Age house floor plan was uncovered in 1929 by Gerda Boëthius (1890–1961) and John Nihlén . The approximately 30.0 × 16.0 m large floor plan from the 3rd or 4th century AD was bordered by a 40 to 60 cm high, 1.5 m thick field stone wall, which was built using the clamshell technique . On the southern narrow side of the house floor plan, the entrance was cut out and marked as a threshold by a large limestone slab.

The fact that it was a three-aisled construction was proven by two rows of flat tiles for the inner posts. The excavators assumed that it was one of the representative Iron Age halls known from Germanic tradition . They concluded this from a three-meter-long “stone bench” on the northern long side, opposite the paved stove, which was delimited by two large plates placed on edge and which could have been a pedestal for the head of the house.

reconstruction

The Lojsta hall was reconstructed in situ in 1932 on the stone foundations . The surrounding wall was secured with cement so that the superstructure could be removed again later without damaging the found monument.

The container or upper frame construction was chosen as the load-bearing structure in accordance with the assumed system of the inner stand . A dense layer of thin round timber was laid on the longitudinal purlins to serve as a base for the thatched or grass roof. The excavation of Stavars hus , where larger parts of the roof were found to have fallen down , shows that such a construction is likely . The interior of the hall was given a representative character by the tightly laid round timber of the roof. This was also reflected in the design of the gable wall at the entrance. A special bar wall was used here, similar to that of the much later Hemse stave church, which has been preserved in parts .

The building was reconstructed as a roof-only house in which the rafters rest directly on the outer edges of the thick field stone walls, a wrong solution according to Cornelia Weinmann, although there were indications that the outer shell of the drywall was shifted outwards in several places due to the pressure of the roof . In addition, small finds had been made on the inner part of the wall, which was understood to mean that it served as a bench.

Similar plants

On Gotland there are two more reconstructed Iron Age houses in Gervide near Sjonhem , for each of which different reconstruction approaches were chosen. The Lojsta complex cannot be compared with Norwegian longhouses from the Migration Period (approx. 350-550 AD), i.e. twice as long residential stalls, because of the smaller dimensions, although there are similarities in the details of the walls.

See also

literature

  • Gerda Boëthius, John Nilén: Lojsta hall. Forsök till the reconstruction of the halls on Gotländsk gård från första årtusends mitt , in: Fornvännen. Tidskrift for Svensk Atikvarisk Forskning , 1932, pp. 342-356.
  • Claus Ahrens: Reconstructed prehistoric times. Archaeological open-air museums in Europe. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1990, ISBN 3-529-01838-4

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cornelia Weinmann: House building in Scandinavia from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages , de Gruyter, Berlin and New York 1994, ISBN 3-11-013585-X , p. 93

Coordinates: 57 ° 19 ′ 18 ″  N , 18 ° 25 ′ 17.9 ″  E