Louise-Élisabeth de Croy de Tourzel

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Louise-Élisabeth de Croÿ de Tourzel (1771)

Louise-Élisabeth de Croÿ de Tourzel ( Louise Élisabeth Félicité Françoise Armande Anne Marie Jeanne Joséphine de Croÿ d'Havré , born June 11, 1749 in Paris; † May 15, 1832 ibid), Margravine and later Duchess de Tourzel, was the Queen's Lady of Honor Marie-Antoinette and the last governess of the royal children of France under the Ancien Régime . Her memoirs shed light on the life of the royal family during the revolution. Madame de Tourzel was a staunch royalist and loyal to the French Bourbons .

Life

youth

Louise-Élisabeth was born as the daughter of Duke Louis Ferdinand Joseph d'Havré and Princess Marie-Louise Cunégonde of Montmorency-Luxembourg. It therefore came from the famous Croÿ family. Her brother Joseph Anne Maximilien de Croÿ d'Havré belonged to the Flemish regiment and later became marshal.

Marriage and life at the French court

Louise-Élisabeth married on April 8, 1764, at the age of 15, Louis François du Bouchet de Sourches (1744–1786), Marquis de Tourzel. During their happy marriage, the marquise gave birth to six children to her husband, her best-known child was the daughter Pauline. Her husband died in a tragic hunting accident in 1786. Madame de Tourzel did not remarry.

During the revolution

A large number of the courtiers emigrated abroad immediately after the storming of the Bastille . Among the emigrants were a large number of the queen's close confidante, such as the Duchesse de Polignac , who fled to neutral Switzerland. Since Madame Polignac last held the office of governesses of the royal children of France and this has now become vacant, Marie Antoinette offered the Marquise de Tourzel this honor. Thus Madame de Tourzel penetrated the inner circle around the royal family and accompanied them to the Tuileries Palace in Paris and also later on the flight to Varennes . After the failed escape, the royal family and their entourage were brought back to Paris under strict guard.

The mood of the people was upset by the royal family's attempt to flee, which was primarily blamed on the queen. The Brunswick Manifesto made some time later, the opportunity is that the people's anger erupted. Incited by the various revolutionaries and clubs, the Paris mob stormed the Tuileries on August 10, 1792 . The royal family escaped to the riding arena and was transferred from there to the Temple . Some time later, Madame de Tourzel, her daughter and the Princess von Lamballe were brought to la Force prison. The marquise and her daughter were freed from prison by strangers and thus escaped death. The Princess of Lamballe was charged against it, desecrated by the mob and dragged through the streets of Paris.

After the revolution

Louise-Élisabeth de Croy de Tourzel

After the end of Napoleon and the re-establishment of the monarchy under the Bourbons, it was under Louis XVIII. raised to duchess . The Duchesse de Tourzel lived in France again and wrote her memoirs. These provide insights into the last days of the ancien regime and the royal family.

Web links

Commons : Louise Élisabeth de Croÿ  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Souvenirs de la marquise de Créquy, 1710 à 1802. Par comte de Courchamps, Maurice Cousin, p. 115.
  2. ↑ Arthur Imbert de Saint-Amand, Léon Imbert de Saint-Amand, Elizabeth Gilbert Martin: The Youth of the Duchess of Angoulême. University of Michigan: C. Scribner's sons, 1915, p. 118.
  3. ^ Louise Élisabeth Tourzel, François Joseph de Pérusse Des Cars: Memoirs of the Duchess de Tourzel: Governess to the Children of France During the Years 1789, 1790, 1791, 1792, 1793 and 1795. Remington & Co., 1986
  4. ^ Justin Huntly McCarthy: The French Revolution. Harvard University: Harper, 1897.
  5. ↑ Albert Soboul: The Great French Revolution. An outline of their history (1889–1799). 5th edition, athenäum, 1988, ISBN 3-610-08518-5 , p. 220.
  6. ↑ Evelyne Lever, Catherine Temerson: Marie Antoinette: The Last Queen of France. Macmillan, 2001, ISBN 0-312-28333-4 , pp. 282-283.
  7. ^ Nesta Helen Webster: Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette During the Revolution. University of Michigan: GP Putnam's sons, 1937.
personal data
SURNAME Croy de Tourzel, Louise-Élisabeth de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Croÿ d'Havré, Louise Élisabeth Félicité Françoise Armande Anne Marie Jeanne Joséphine de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French noblewoman, Duchess de Tourzel
DATE OF BIRTH June 11, 1749
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH May 15, 1832
Place of death Paris