Creative Europe MEDIA
MEDIA sub-program of Creative Europe, Creative Europe for short MEDIA (whereby MEDIA as the French-speaking apronym stands for Mesures pour Encourager le Développement de l'Industrie Audiovisuelle , in German for measures to promote the development of the audiovisual industry ) is a program of the European Union to promote the European film and audiovisual media industry in the member states of the European Union and some associated countries. The main subject of funding is film project development and the distribution and distribution of European films.
MEDIA is being continued in its fifth edition since January 2014 as Creative Europe MEDIA and thus as one of the two sub-programs of Creative Europe , which brings together the cultural and media funding of the European Union. Creative Europe was passed by the European Parliament and the European Council in autumn 2013 , the legal basis is EU Regulation No. 1295/2013. For a period of seven years from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020, the program has a total budget of 1.46 billion euros, of which 824 million euros for the MEDIA sub-program and 455 million euros for the culture sub-program , 121 million euros are allocated to the guarantee fund (since 2016) and 63 million euros to transnational political cooperation. The implementation is specified in the annual programs of the European Commission.
Funding measures and goals
The distribution and distribution of European films is the focus of the funding of the Creative Europe sub-program MEDIA with the highest funding amount. Associations of European distributors who want to release a non-national European film are funded. There is also a subsidy for world sales and a so-called automatic distribution subsidy, in which European distributors receive money for each ticket sold for a European film, which then has to be reinvested in European films according to specified models. In addition to this, the European Union also supports film festivals, markets and events with a high proportion of European programs and promotional measures for European films, for example the awarding of the European Film Prize by the European Film Academy . Many of the promotion projects are carried out by the European Film Promotion (EFP), whose best-known activity is the annual presentation of the Shooting Star Awards to young, talented European actors as part of the Berlinale .
Training measures for u. a. Producers, directors, writers, editors and developers of computer games. On the initiative of MEDIA and with the support of the Center national du cinéma et de l'image animée (CNC) in France , the European cinema network Europa Cinemas was founded in 1992 , in which cinemas with a high proportion of European films have come together. MEDIA supports the network to this day.
In contrast to the national film subsidies in Germany, the production of films is not funded under MEDIA; there is only funding for the development of film and TV projects as well as computer games.
history
The first initiatives for a common European media policy began in the 1960s. However, agreements to facilitate European co-productions or their promotion initially failed due to different national interests. The ideal basis for a European film and television market then became public with the Green Paper Television Without Frontiers , published in 1984 . For the first time, the Green Paper called for “the opening of intra-Community borders for national television programs” in order to guarantee the “free flow of information, ideas, opinions and cultural achievements of the community”. The publication was preceded by a resolution of the European Commission “on the promotion of the film industry” in 1983, which, however, could not be implemented in the Community. In 1988 the Council of Europe adopted the first co-production fund, which still exists today under the name Eurimages . However, the European Community (EC), the predecessor of the EU, was still working on a concept to promote the European film industry, although this did not relate to production - where there are still many and different funding institutions and concepts at national level. but should focus on the international distribution of European films. Up to 1987, over 2000 experts were involved in the development of project proposals and concepts, nine funding programs were then tested for their practicality from 1987 to 1990, including the European film office EFDO (European Film Distribution Office) in Hamburg , which later became the European Film Promotion (EFP) and the Cartoon initiative, which still exists today .
On December 21, 1990, the Council of the European Community decided to implement a MEDIA action program (1991–1995). This first MEDIA program , set for five years, had a total budget of ECU 200 million . Offices, the MEDIA desks and antennas, were set up in every European country to act as a liaison between the European institutions and the film industry. The network of desks has been steadily expanded; today the offices operate as Creative Europe Desks. Even then, the distribution and distribution of films that had already been completed was the focus of funding. In addition, the MEDIA Business School, EAVE and Sources also funded the training and further education of filmmakers, as well as the project development that precedes every film production with the Script, Cartoon, Documentary and Map-TV initiatives .
In 1996 the successor program, MEDIA II, came into force. It had a budget of ECU 310 million. After analyzing the previous program, which was criticized, among other things, because of the multiple overlapping of the 19 individual projects, MEDIA II was divided into just three projects, according to the main funding purposes: project development, sales and training.
The successor to MEDIA II was finally MEDIA Plus, which had a budget of 483 million euros for the program period from 2001 to 2006. The follow-up program MEDIA 2007 ran from 2007 to 2013 with a total budget of 755 million euros. The number of MEDIA member countries has increased to currently 33. Since January 2014, the follow-up program Creative Europe MEDIA will run until the end of 2020 .
Web links
- The MEDIA sub-program of Creative Europe on the European Commission's website.
- Creative Europe MEDIA on the website of the Creative Europe Desk Hamburg of the Filmförderung Hamburg Schleswig-Holstein (publisher).
- European Film Promotion (English) - Website of the European Film Promotion e. V., Hamburg (ed.).
- Creative Europe MEDIA on the website of the Creative Europe Desk Austria - Culture of the Austrian Federal Chancellery , Department II / 10: European and international cultural policy (ed.).
Individual evidence
- ↑ In the original: “ The MEDIA Sub-programs of Creative Europe is designed to support European film and other audiovisual industries. It provides funding for the development, promotion and distribution of European works within Europe and beyond. ”In: The MEDIA sub-program of Creative Europe on the website of the European Commission (English), April 27, 2015 in the version of April 3, 2018, accessed on September 17, 2018.
- ↑ Creative Europe website of the Creative Europe Desk Austria - Culture of the Austrian Federal Chancellery , Department II / 10: European and international cultural policy (publisher), accessed on September 17, 2018.
- ↑ Television without Frontiers: Green Paper on the establishment of the common market for broadcasting, especially via satellite and cable. European Commission, May 1984.