Radiation basket
| Radiation basket | ||||||||||||
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Radiant baskets ( Mactra stultorum (Linné, 1758)) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Mactra stultorum | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1758) |
The ray basket ( Mactra stultorum ), also called ray basket , colored trough clam or fool's cap , is a type of clam from the family of trough clams (Mactridae). The nomenclature and the systematic position of the species are highly controversial.
features
The housing , which has the same flap , is up to 6 cm long. It is rounded-triangular and strongly arched. The vertebra sits roughly in the middle of the housing, i.e. H. the housing is almost equilateral. The ligament is divided into two parts. The outer dark brown ligament sits as a thin, sunken band behind the vertebrae, the inner ligament sits on a spoon-shaped extension of the shell ("chondrophor") under the vertebra. A small, thin, cream-colored septum divides the inner and outer ligaments. The lock of the left valve consists of three main or cardinal teeth plus an anterior and posterior posterior tooth. The two front cardinal teeth form an inverted V-shaped structure. The third cardinal tooth is small, fragile and often broken off. The right valve has two cardinal teeth, the anterior one is almost parallel to the dorsal margin. and two anterior and two posterior lateral teeth. The lower lateral teeth are longer than the upper lateral teeth and also protrude further. The surface line is deeply indented, but the bay does not reach the center line. The siphons are relatively long compared to other groups of mussels, but rather short compared to other types of trough mussels .
The cream-colored skin is relatively thin and brittle. The surface is almost smooth, only very fine strips of growth are present. The surface is shiny; the color often consists of brown concentric and radial stripes ("rays"; hence the name "Strahlenkörbchen"). The inner edge of the case is smooth. The light brown to brown periostracum is thin.
Geographical distribution, habitat and way of life
The distribution area of the colored trough mussel is the eastern Atlantic; it extends from southern Norway to West Africa (Senegal). It also occurs in the North Sea, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (but see the comments under the systematics).
The multicolored trough clam lives buried in mostly sandy, more rarely muddy soils relatively close to the sediment surface. It occurs in the North Sea from the intertidal zone to about 20 m water depth, the main distribution depth is the range between 10 and 20 m.
Taxonomy
The nomenclature for this species is very confusing. It appears in many publications and websites under the name Mactra corallina (Linné, 1758). Cardium corallinum and Cardium stultorum were set up by Carl von Linné in his work Systema Naturae in 1758 . Linné gave the Mediterranean Sea as the occurrence of Cardium corallinum , for Cardium stultorum "in O. Europaeo" (= northern Atlantic with the North Sea). MolluscaBase considers the two taxa to be synonyms and chose Cardium stultorum as a valid name. Cardium stultorum is the type species of the genus Mactra Linnaeus, 1767.
supporting documents
literature
- Rosina Fechter and Gerhard Falkner: molluscs. 287 pp., Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1990 (Steinbach's Nature Guide 10) ISBN 3-570-03414-3
- Fritz Gosselck, Alexander Darr, Jürgen HJ Jungbluth, Michael Zettler: common names for mollusks of the sea and brackish water in Germany. Mollusca, 27 (1): 3-32, 2009 PDF
- Guido Poppe and Yoshihiro Goto: European Seashells Volume 2 (Scaphopoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda) . 221 pp., Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden 1993 (2000 unc. Reprint), ISBN 3925919104
- Rainer Willmann: Mussels of the North and Baltic Seas. Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen 1989, ISBN 3-7888-0555-2
On-line
Individual evidence
- ^ Carl von Linné: Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Pp. 1-824, Holmia / Stockholm, Salvius, 1758. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 681).
- ↑ MolluscaBase: Mactra stultorum (Linnaeus, 1758)