Madonna Terranuova
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| Madonna Terranuova |
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| Raphael , around 1505 |
| Oil on poplar wood |
| 88.5 x 88.5 cm |
| Gemäldegalerie , Berlin |
The Madonna Terranuova (Mary with the Christ child and little Johannes) is one of the earliest Florentine paintings by Raphael and is part of the permanent exhibition in the Gemäldegalerie Berlin (Inv.-No .: 247 A). The round picture has a diameter of 88.5 cm.
The work was previously (until 1854) part of the Collezione Duca di Terranuova in Genoa / Naples .
The Maria with the child, the John and another boy is also called after its previous owners Madonna Terra Nuova designated. In addition to the Madonna Conestabile in St. Petersburg ( Hermitage ), which was probably made shortly before, the Madonna Terranuova is Raffael’s earliest known picture in clay format . The panel already shows clear influences from the art of Leonardo da Vinci , whose conception of art Raphael knew how to combine masterfully with the Peruginesque style that was already his own .
An early preliminary study for the composition has been preserved in a drawing in Lille ( Musée Wicar ), which, however, is still angular and shows the figures of an angel and Joseph in addition to the Madonna. These side figures were omitted from the Madonna Terranuova in favor of a landscape background. A fragment of the used cardboard box with Maria's head is in the Berlin Kupferstichkabinett (inventory no. 406-1921)
The purchase of the painting for the Royal Museum in Berlin was requested by Gustav Friedrich Waagen as early as 1841/42 . However, since the work was not yet for sale, the Naples-based artist Carl Wilhelm Götzloff von Waagen was entrusted with keeping an eye on the painting and reporting an imminent sale to Berlin immediately. When the time came, however, it was the engraver Eugen Eduard Schäfer who sent this message, where Albrecht von Braunsberg forwarded it directly to Friedrich Wilhelm IV . Since he expressly wanted the purchase, the Prussian ambassador Bernstorff was commissioned to handle the transaction in 1854. The cost of the Terranuova Madonna was 37,500 thalers (approx. 112,500 marks) and was the highest price paid for a painting in the Waagen era. After the purchase, the picture was packed by Götzlaff and brought to Berlin by a military police.
The picture was on display from the time it was acquired by the Royal Museum until 1939. Then it was moved to the Flakturm Friedrichshain. As the fighting of the Second World War drew closer and closer to Berlin, the picture was moved to the Kaiseroda-Merkers potash mine in Thuringia in the spring of 1945 , where it fell into the hands of the Americans. These made it to the General Art Collection Point in Wiesbaden . It was only returned to Berlin in 1956, where it was permanently exhibited in the Dahlem Museum from 1956 to 1997. Since 1998 it has been shown in the new picture gallery at the Kulturforum in Berlin.
literature
- Louis Hertig (introduction), Pierluigi De Vecchi (scientific appendix): The complete works of Raffael (= classic of art ). Kunstkreis Luzern et al., Lucerne et al. 1966.
- Gemäldegalerie Berlin (Hrsg.): Catalog of the paintings from the 13th - 18th centuries. Gemäldegalerie Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin-Dahlem 1975.
- Sylvia Ferino Pagden, Maria Antonietta Zancan: Raffaello. Catalogo completo dei dipinti (= I gigli dell'arte 9). Cantini, Florence 1989, ISBN 88-7737-101-3 .
- Tilmann von Stockhausen : Gemäldegalerie Berlin. The history of their acquisition policy 1830-1904. Nicolai, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-87584-769-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ www.bildindex.de Head of the "Madonna Terranuova". Accessed July 23, 2011.