Magnet separation
With magnetic separation , also called magnetic separation , heaps (mixtures) of magnetic and non-magnetic materials are separated by their magnetizability. This is a mechanical separation process . The separating effect is based on the different magnetisability of the various substances, whereby the magnetisable substances are attracted by a magnet and the non-magnetisable substances are not. Pronounced inhomogeneity zones of the magnetic field are necessary, ie the magnetized particles move along with the roller.
A popular magnetic sorter is the magnetic drum separator.
The debris to be separated is fed through a funnel onto a vibrating chute. Here the substances are distributed evenly and are also loosened up. At the end of this vibrating chute, the various substances reach a drum that contains a fixed electromagnet that magnetizes part of the drum. The non-magnetizable particles do not experience any force from the magnet and are guided by the drum into a collecting container. The substances that are attracted by the magnet adhere to the drum and are carried on the drum surface until the magnetic effect subsides. Once these particles have left the attraction of the magnet, they fall into a second collecting container. The pile is now separated.