Technical sorting process

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A technical sorting process is a physical process of differentiation and order; an application of a theoretical sorting method from computer science . Examples of industrial sorting methods are seven , discarding magnetic components during the mechanical separation of waste by means of strong magnets or the color separation in the glass - recycling .

Sorting criterion can be any measurable physical property of an object set.

Mechanical separation process

Under mechanical separation process refers to the separation of mixtures of different characteristics from each other or a transfer medium out, with mechanical methods.

Possible methods of separating substances with different properties are:

Possible separation processes for substances from a carrier medium are:

  • the filtration ; it takes place with the help of a filter medium. An example of this is the air filter in motor vehicles. In large-scale use, filter presses are used, among other things .
  • the sedimentation ; it takes advantage of gravity to separate mixtures. Higher density particles sink to the bottom of the vessel, while lower density particles float to the top (flotation).
  • centrifugation; In contrast to sedimentation, it is not gravity that is used for separation, but centrifugal force . This is generated in a rotating drum, the centrifuge . This process has the advantage that a higher throughput can be achieved through faster separation than with sedimentation . Higher acceleration forces also act during centrifugation .
  • the separation in the centrifugal separator ; it is achieved by rotating currents. Centrifugal separators are also called cyclones in apparatus engineering . In this process, particles with a higher density are thrown outwards and then diverted upwards or downwards through the technical construction.
    The deflection separator works in a similar way, using a separation by the inertial forces at a sharp deflection. The medium follows the deflection, the heavier material to be separated remains on its straight path and is carried away from there, sediments or the like.

Classification procedures are:

See also

literature

  • DIN 66142 Representation and marking of separations of disperse goods
  • C. Bernhardt: Granulometry - Classification and Sedimentation Methods . German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1990, ISBN 3-342-00415-0
  • M. Stieß: Mechanical Process Engineering 1 . Springer, Berlin 1995/2008, ISBN 978-3-540-32551-2