Major non-NATO ally

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Countries identified by the United States (green) as major non- NATO allies (orange)

Major non-NATO ally (MNNA, dt. "Major non-NATO ally") is one of the Government of the United States of America awarded official term for a number of countries, particularly close diplomatic and strategic relations with the United States maintain , but are not a member of NATO for various reasons . The assignment of this designation is not to be equated with a defense alliance , but grants the selected countries certain advantages that other states outside of NATO would otherwise not have.

history

Major non-NATO status was created in 1989 following the passage of the International Narcotics Control Act . The addition Section 2350A of Title 10 (military) of the United States Code stipulated that the Minister of Defense in accordance with the foreign ministers of countries that are not members of NATO, agreement on joint research and development projects when he finished. Initial MNNAs were Australia , Egypt , Israel , Japan , New Zealand, and South Korea . In 1996 these allies also received military and financial grants under Amendment 2321k to Federal Foreign Policy Legislation (Title 22 USC ). The addition grants them z. B. Exempted from national arms export restrictions and enabled the President to appoint an MNNA as long as he notifies Congress and gives 30 days thereafter.

The appointment of New Zealand was generally regarded as unusual, since after the conflict over the ANZUS agreement it was determined by a directive from Ronald Reagan in 1985 that New Zealand should be treated as a "friendly nation" and no longer as a "very close ally".

Possible benefits

Nations listed as major non-NATO members may claim the following benefits:

  • Acceptance of and entry into joint research and development projects with the Pentagon in co-financing
  • Borrow the equipment and resources needed for this
  • Participation in certain anti-terrorism measures
  • Purchase of armor-piercing ammunition with depleted uranium
  • Priority allocation of surplus military goods, ranging from rations to shiploads
  • Owned by War Reserve Stocks
  • Permission to use American loans and aid to buy or borrow military equipment
  • mutual military training
  • preferential delivery of space technology
  • Permission for companies in these countries to participate in tenders by the US Department of Defense for certain maintenance and repair jobs

Listed countries

South Korean and American soldiers in the demilitarized zone of Korea

The following countries are listed as important non-NATO members, the year in which the status was granted in brackets:

Added by George HW Bush

Added by Bill Clinton

Added by George W. Bush

Added by Barack Obama

Added by Donald Trump

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Legislation on Foreign Relations Through 2002 . (PDF 4.2 MB) US House of Representatives , July 2003, archived from the original on November 16, 2012 ; accessed on October 20, 2018 (English, original website no longer available).
  2. ↑ 10 USC 2350a: Cooperative research and development agreements: NATO organizations; allied and friendly foreign countries . United States - House of Representatives , November 24, 2015, accessed December 31, 2015 .
  3. ↑ a b c 22 USC 2321k: Designation of major non-NATO allies . United States - House of Representatives , December 30, 2015, accessed December 31, 2015 .
  4. ^ US Policy on the New Zealand Port Access Issue. (NSC-NSDD-193) , in: Federation of American Scientists (FAS) (English).
  5. ↑ Snejana Farberov: Hillary Clinton flies into Kabul as US declares Afghanistan major non-NATO ally , Daily Mail of July 7, 2012 (English).
  6. ↑ Message to the Congress on Designating Brazil as a Major Non-NATO Ally , Weißes Haus (English).