Malay Eagle

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Malay Eagle
Malay Eagle (Ictinaetus malaiensis)

Malay Eagle ( Ictinaetus malaiensis )

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Birds of prey (Accipitriformes)
Family : Hawk species (Accipitridae)
Genre : Ictinaetus
Type : Malay Eagle
Scientific name of the  genus
Ictinaetus
Blyth , 1843
Scientific name of the  species
Ictinaetus malaiensis
( Temminck , 1822)

The Malay Eagle ( Ictinaetus malaiensis , Syn .: Ictinaetus malayensis ), also Malay Eagle or Black Eagle , is a bird of prey from the family of hawks (Accipitridae) and the only species of the genus Ictinaetus, which is monotypical . It lives in forested hills and mountains, the subspecies Ictinaetus malaiensis perniger in the Himalaya region, in India, Assam, Myanmar and Sri Lanka, the subspecies Ictinaetus malaiensis malaiensis in Myanmar to the great Sunda Islands and the Moluccas.

features

The Malay Eagle reaches a body length of 65 to 80 cm and a wingspan of 148 to 182 cm. The weight is 1 to 1.6 kg. The plumage of the young is predominantly blackish brown. Adult animals are black or blackish brown, their long tail is narrowly banded pale gray.

The iris of adults is dark brown, that of young animals is reddish brown. The rather small beak is gray with yellow wax skin and a long cracked beak. The feathered legs are long, the yellow toes form a strong contrast to the dark plumage.

The subspecies differ mainly in size, the nominate form is larger.

Habitat and way of life

The Malay Eagle lives in wooded hills and mountains from sea level to 3300 m, but mostly from 300 to 2000 m. Its diet includes birds, especially nestlings and eggs, as well as small mammals (e.g. bats), lizards, frogs and large insects. In slow gliding , the Malay Eagle takes entire nests or the contents of the nest out of the treetops. Due to the narrow, thin and somewhat straight claws, the Malay Eagle is less likely to get stuck in the nest when it grabs its prey.

Subspecies

Two subspecies are described:

Taxonomy

In the first twenty deliveries of Les Planches Coloriées d'Oiseaux , initially only the tablets appeared without a textual description. On the board the common name and not a scientific name was noted. With each delivery there was a list of the tablets supplied, which contained the scientific name. The species addition was written in the later text malayensis . The rediscovered lists of the first 20 deliveries to the tablet show the spelling malaiensis , a name that is therefore a priority today according to the International Rules for Zoological Nomenclature .

Danger

The distribution area of ​​the Malay Eagle is very large, the population seems to be moderately small to large. Although the population is declining due to deforestation, the species does not appear to be endangered yet. The IUCN has therefore classified the Malay Eagle as not endangered (LC, Least Concern).

Etymology and history of research

Coenraad Jacob Temminck published the Malay Eagle under the name Falco malaiensis . The name comes from a manuscript by Kaspar Georg Karl Reinwardt (1773-1854). In 1843 Edward Blyth introduced the genus Ictinaetus for Ictinäetus ovivorus , a name he saw as synonymous with Ictinaetus malaiensis perniger . This name is derived from the Greek "iktin, iktinos ικτιν, ικτινος " for "Milan" and "aetos αετος " for "eagle". »Malaiensis« refers to the distribution area, the Malay Peninsula . "Perniger" is of Latin origin and is made up of the words "per-" for "very" and "niger" for "black". "Ovivorus" is a Latin word formation from "ovum" for "egg" and "vorare" for "devour, eat".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ David A. Christie, James Ferguson-Lees: Raptors of the World. Christopher Helm, 2001, ISBN 978-0-7136-8026-3 , p. 226.
  2. ↑ a b c W. S. Clark, JS Marks, GM Kirwan, P. Boesman (2017): Black Eagle (Ictinaetus malaiensis). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, DA & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ( Online )
  3. ^ A b Mark Brazil: Birds of East Asia. Christopher Helm, 2009, ISBN 978-0-7136-7040-0 , p. 136.
  4. ↑ Zhu Lei et al. : A review of the distribution of Black Eagle Ictinaetus malaiensis in mainland China. 2014, in: FORKTAIL 20, pp. 45–49. ( Online )
  5. ↑ Dean Amadon: A revision of the sub-buteonine hawks (Accipitridae, Aves). 1982, in: American Museum novitates , no. 2741, pp. 1-20. ( Online )
  6. ^ IOC World Bird List New World vultures, Secretarybird, kites, hawks & eagles
  7. ^ A b c Coenraad Jacob Temminck: Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d'oiseaux: pour servir de suite et de complément aux planches enluminées de Buffon . 2nd Edition. 1 (delivery 20). Legras Imbert et Comp., Strasbourg 1838 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  8. ^ Brian Houghton Hodgson: Summary description of some New Species of Falconidæ . In: The journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal . tape 5 , no. 52 , 1836, pp. 227-231 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  9. ^ Edward Clive Dickinson : The first twenty livraisons of “Les Planches Coloriées d'Oiseaux” by Temminck & Laugier (1820-1839): II. Issues of authorship, nomenclature and taxonomy . In: Zoological Bibliography . tape 1 , no. 4 , 2011, p. 151–166 ( researchgate.net [PDF; 2.6 MB ]).
  10. ↑ Alain Lebossé, Roger Bour: The first twenty livraisons of "Les Planches Coloriées d'Oiseaux" of Temminck & Laugier (1820-1839): I. The ten wrappers now known . In: Zoological Bibliography . tape 1 , no. 4 , 2011, p. 141–150 ( avespress.com [PDF; 14.4 MB ]). avespress.com ( Memento of the original dated December 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.avespress.com
  11. ↑ Ictinaetus malaiensis in the IUCN 2017-1 Red List of Threatened Species . Listed by: BirdLife International, 2016. Retrieved May 25, 2017.
  12. ^ Edward Blyth: NB - In Jerdon's Catalog of the Birds of Peninsular India (Madr. Jl. No. XXIV, 68) . In: The journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal . tape 12 , no. 134 , 1843, pp. 127-128 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  13. ^ A b c James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .

Web links

Commons : Malay Eagle ( Ictinaetus malaiensis )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files