Malbergic glosses

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Malbergic glosses are vernacular insertions in the Latin text environment in the oldest versions of the Lex Salica , the Franconian tribal law. The name is modern and was borrowed from the introductions of these insertions, which begin with a (in) malobergo = "in the court" or "in the court language".

The Malberg glosses are not conventional glosses in the sense of the term as interpretations of individual lemmas or brief explanations. They are additions to the Latin legal text that are relatively independent of it. The conception as functional literature is therefore determined by its purpose. The glosses begin with "in malobergo", usually end with a "hoc est" and refer to the parts of the procedural structures contained in the statutes of the lawsuit, the defense, the cleaning oath, the judgment and the scolding.

The legal texts in the “Pactus legis Salicae” (6th century) and in the “Lex Salica” (8th century) contain these vernacular words, parts of speech and sentences of the Malbergic glosses as penance, which come from the rulings of the statutes, and apply the terminology Negotiating language as evidence of an orality. They are opposed to the Franconian-Latin mixed words in the statutes, such as Middle Latin malus = "court", which is borrowed from West Germanic mahal <Germanic * maþla = "court, assembly place".

In terms of their nature, they are without comparison to the other testimonies of the Germanic legal texts handed down from the early Middle Ages ( Leges Barbarorum ).

Lore

The Malbergic glosses are preserved in the following manuscripts:

  • Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Bibliothèque interuniversitaire, Section médecine (Bibl. De la Faculté de Médecine), Ms. H 136
  • Munich, Bavarian State Library , Clm 4115
  • Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France , Lat. 18237
  • Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Lat. 4403b
  • Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Lat. 4404
  • Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Lat. 4627
  • Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Lat. 9653
  • St. Gallen Abbey Library , Cod. 731
  • Wolfenbüttel, Herzog August Bibliothek (HAB), Cod. 9 Weiss.

expenditure

  • KA Eckardt: Pactus legis Salicae. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica . Layers nat. Germ. IV, I. 1962.
  • KA Eckardt: Lex Salica. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Layers nat. Germ. IV, II. 1969.

literature

  • Ruth Schmidt-Wiegand :  Malbergic glosses. In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA). 2nd Edition. Volume 19, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2001, ISBN 3-11-017163-5 , pp. 184-186.
  • Elmar Seebold : The Germanic legal term texaca and the kidnapping of slaves in the ›Lex Salica‹ (investigations into Malberg's glosses II). In: Contributions to the history of German language and literature (PBB) 130, 3 (2008), pp. 438–458.
  • Elmar Seebold: Woman robbery, fornication and marriage with unfree people in the ›Lex Burgundionum‹ and the ›Lex Salica‹ (studies on Malberg's glosses III). In: PBB 132, 3 (2010), pp. 366-377.
  • Elmar Seebold: The protection of underage children in the ›Lex Salica‹ (studies on Malberg's glosses IV). In: PBB 133, 3-4 (2011), pp. 413-420.
  • Elmar Seebold: Title I of the ›Lex Salica‹ and its extensions (studies on Malberg's glosses VI). In: PBB 136, 1 (2014), pp. 66-75.
  • Claudia Wich-Reif: Malbergic glosses and Old High German Lex Salica fragment: legal / technical and general language. In: Sprachwissenschaft 39, 3 (2014), pp. 283–296.