Malise, 7th Earl of Strathearn

Malise, 7th Earl of Strathearn (also Malise IV, Earl of Strathearn or Scottish Gaelic Maol Íosa, 7th Earl of Strathearn ) (* between 1275 and 1280; † between 1327 and 1330) was a Scottish magnate .

origin

Malise came from an old Gaelic family that had held the title of Earl of Strathearn since the beginning of the 12th century . He was the eldest son of his father of the same name Malise, 6th Earl of Strathearn and his wife Agnes .

Hostage in England and switched to Robert Bruce's side

During the Scottish War of Independence , from 1303 at the latest, Malise served as a hostage for his father's loyalty to the English king. He was in Scotland in 1306 when Robert Bruce declared himself King of the Scots and thus rebelled against English supremacy. After the Battle of Methven in June 1306, the Earl of Strathearn sent his son as a sign of loyalty to the English commander Aymer de Valence, and the younger Malise then took part in the pursuit of the fugitive Bruce. However, Malise's father was suspected of having supported Bruce's rebellion and was therefore imprisoned in England from November 1306. Thereupon Malise was brought back to England as a hostage. He was first held in Lanercost and later in Carlisle . The English king obviously hoped to win the Earl of Strathearn back as an ally, in this context the order of the king should be seen to knight the younger Malise in Lanercost in October 1306 . Malise's father was finally released in 1308 and was allowed to return to Scotland in 1310, where he supported the English in the fight against Robert Bruce. The young Malise was also released after March 1309 and fought in English wages until at least January 1310. After that, however, he probably switched to Robert Bruce's side, while his father remained a loyal supporter of the English king.

He took over his father's title and worked as a Scottish magnate

At the beginning of January 1313, Malise belonged to the Scottish army that conquered Perth , and Malise was able to take his father prisoner. Robert Bruce spared the life of the Earl of Strathearn, but forced him to forego the title in favor of his son. As a result, Malise resolutely supported Bruce as the new Earl in the further fight against the English. In 1314 he fought on the Scottish side at the Battle of Bannockburn . In 1320 he was one of the magnates who sealed the Declaration of Arbroath . Strathearn was not at the after William Soulis named conspiracy involved, which was uncovered in the same year. Probably his mother, perhaps even his wife, was the Countess of Strathearn, who was sentenced to life imprisonment for participating in the plot against Robert Bruce. Little is known about Strathearn's continued activity, and the year of his death is also unknown. According to older information, he attested to a royal charter on July 28, 1328 and died in 1330 at the latest. According to more recent information, he died before 1327, because in that year his widow Joanna Menteith was married to John Campbell, 1st Earl of Atholl .

Strathearn made only one donation to one monastery, and that was to Scone Abbey . This gift to one of Robert Bruce's favorite monasteries was perhaps a token of his loyalty to the king. Donations from him to the old Inchaffray Abbey family foundation are not known.

Marriages and offspring

Strathearn was married twice. The name of his first wife is unknown; he had two children with her:

Malise, 8th Earl of Strathearn († around 1350)
Maria Strathearn ⚭ Sir John Moravia, Lord of Drumsagard

Strathearn was second married to Joanna, daughter of Sir John Menteith , around 1323 . This marriage remained childless. Joanna survived her first husband and married first John Campbell and after his death in 1339 Maurice Murray . This was raised to Earl of Strathearn in 1343, whereupon Joanna was again Countess of Strathearn.

literature

Cynthia J. Neville: The earls of Strathearn from the twelfth to the mid-fourteenth century, with an edition of their written acts . Dissertation, University of Aberdeen, 1983.
Cynthia J. Neville: The political allegiance of the earls of Strathearn during the war of independence . In: The Scottish Historical Review , 65 (1986), pp. 133-153.

Web links

Cynthia J. Neville: Strathearn, Malise, seventh earl of Strathearn (1275x80-1328x30). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004
Malise, 7th Earl of Strathearn on thepeerage.com , accessed August 12, 2015.
Mormaer and Earls of Strathearn. fmg.ac, accessed on September 7, 2014 .

Individual evidence

^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 219.
^ Cynthia J. Neville: The political allegiance of the earls of Strathearn during the war of independence . In: The Scottish Historical Review , 65 (1986), p. 150.
↑ Cynthia J. Neville: The earls of Strathearn from the twelfth to the mid-fourteenth century, with an edition of their written acts . Dissertation, University of Aberdeen, 1983, p. 141.
^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 387.
↑ Michael Penman: Robert the Bruce. King of the Scots . Yale University Press, New Haven 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-14872-5 , pp. 140.
^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 427.
^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 430.
↑ Cynthia J. Neville: The earls of Strathearn from the twelfth to the mid-fourteenth century, with an edition of their written acts . Dissertation, University of Aberdeen, 1983, p. 145.
↑ Michael Penman: Robert the Bruce. King of the Scots . Yale University Press, New Haven 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-14872-5 , p. 278.
↑ Cynthia J. Neville: The earls of Strathearn from the twelfth to the mid-fourteenth century, with an edition of their written acts . Dissertation, University of Aberdeen, 1983, p. 144.
↑ Cynthia J. Neville: The earls of Strathearn from the twelfth to the mid-fourteenth century, with an edition of their written acts . Dissertation, University of Aberdeen, 1983, p. 145.

predecessor	Office	successor
Malise	Earl of Strathearn 1313 – between 1327 and 1330	Malise

personal data
SURNAME	Malise, 7th Earl of Strathearn
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Malise IV, Earl of Strathearn; Maol Íosa, 7th Earl of Strathearn
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Scottish nobleman
DATE OF BIRTH	between 1275 and 1280
DATE OF DEATH	between 1327 and 1330

[1] Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 219.

[2] Cynthia J. Neville: The political allegiance of the earls of Strathearn during the war of independence . In: The Scottish Historical Review , 65 (1986), p. 150.

[3] Cynthia J. Neville: The earls of Strathearn from the twelfth to the mid-fourteenth century, with an edition of their written acts . Dissertation, University of Aberdeen, 1983, p. 141.

[4] Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 387.

[5] Michael Penman: Robert the Bruce. King of the Scots . Yale University Press, New Haven 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-14872-5 , pp. 140.

[6] Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 427.

[7] Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 430.

[8] Cynthia J. Neville: The earls of Strathearn from the twelfth to the mid-fourteenth century, with an edition of their written acts . Dissertation, University of Aberdeen, 1983, p. 145.

[9] Michael Penman: Robert the Bruce. King of the Scots . Yale University Press, New Haven 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-14872-5 , p. 278.

[10] Cynthia J. Neville: The earls of Strathearn from the twelfth to the mid-fourteenth century, with an edition of their written acts . Dissertation, University of Aberdeen, 1983, p. 144.

[11] Cynthia J. Neville: The earls of Strathearn from the twelfth to the mid-fourteenth century, with an edition of their written acts . Dissertation, University of Aberdeen, 1983, p. 145.