John Campbell, 1st Earl of Atholl

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John Campbell, 1st Earl of Atholl (* before 1306, around 1313 or around 1315, † July 19, 1333 near Berwick ) was a Scottish nobleman .

Origin and heritage

John Campbell came from the Campbell family . He was the eldest son of Neil Campbell from his second marriage to Mary Bruce . His mother was the sister of King Robert I , whose close follower and confidante was his father. His year of birth is controversial as his mother was captured by the English in 1306. His parents may have married before 1306 and John was born before his mother was captured by the English. In September 1312 his mother was still in English captivity. Possibly it was exchanged as early as 1313, but probably only after the English defeat at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. Neil Campbell died as early as 1315, after which the young John became the heir to most of his property. Part of his father's possessions at Lochawe and Ardskeodnish had received John's half-brother Colin Campbell in February 1315 , probably during her father's lifetime. Among other things, John inherited the estates of the former Earldom Atholl and a third of the annual income of the crown from Burgh Dundee and the feudal barony Inverbervie . He lived in the Moulin manor in Perthshire .

Follower of Robert I and military service

Like his father, John Campbell was a loyal follower of his uncle Robert I, with whom he was also in his favor. After 1323 he assumed the title of Earl of Atholl , which may have been bestowed on him by his uncle around 1320. As in 1332 the so-called disinherited in Scotland invaded to David II. Overthrow, the minor son and heir of Robert I., Campbell was a member of the Scottish army that commanded by Domhnall, 8th Earl of Mar , the Guardian of Scotland opposed the invaders. However, the Scottish Army suffered a heavy defeat at the Battle of Dupplin Moor . Of the five Scottish earls who took part in the battle, Campbell was the only one who escaped. In 1333 he finally belonged to the Scottish army, which was defeated in the battle of Halidon Hill near Berwick. He fell in battle.

Marriage and inheritance

John Campbell had married Joan Menteith , daughter of Sir John Menteith , Laird of Rusky in Stirlingshire . She was the widow of Malise, 7th Earl of Strathearn († before 1329). The marriage had remained childless. After his death, his nephews Dougall and Gillespic Campbell , the sons of his half-brother Colin Campbell , inherited the estates of John Campbell.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Michael Penman: Robert the Bruce. King of the Scots . Yale University Press, New Haven 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-14872-5 , p. 102.
  2. a b George Edward Cokayne (Ed.): The Complete Peerage . Volume 1, Alan Sutton Publishing, Gloucester 2000, p. 310.
  3. Michael Penman: Robert the Bruce. King of the Scots . Yale University Press, New Haven 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-14872-5 , p. 150.
  4. Michael Penman: Robert the Bruce. King of the Scots . Yale University Press, New Haven 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-14872-5 , p. 158.
  5. cf. SI Boardman: John Campbell earl of Atholl (d.1333). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004
  6. ^ Ranald Nicholson: Edward III and the Scots. The formative Years of a Military Career . Oxford University Press, Oxford 1965, p. 86.
  7. ^ Ranald Nicholson: Edward III and the Scots. The formative Years of a Military Career . Oxford University Press, Oxford 1965, p. 137.
predecessor Office successor
New title created Earl of Atholl
1323-1333
Title expired