Maquila decree

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The Maquila Decree ( Decreto para el Fomento y Operación de la Industria Maquiladora de Exportación ) is an ordinance of the government of Mexico from 1989, with which industrial foreign investments for the so-called maquiladoras (tax-privileged production facilities) in underdeveloped regions of Mexico are regulated. The decree has been adapted several times, most recently in 2010 and is currently called Decreto para el Fomento de la Industria Manufacturera, Maquiladora y de Servicios de Exportación .

The development of the maquila industry goes back to the late 1960s, when European and US textile companies increasingly established branches in Mexico's poor northern provinces. In its wake, from 1970 onwards, analogue branches of industry also emerged in several Central American countries .

The maquila decree is part of an economic program to encourage direct investment in the Mexico- USA border area and is described in more detail in the "Bancomext Mexican Showroom". He gives foreign companies and international corporations extensive freedom in setting up assembly - factories in areas of their choice, but mainly for special economic zones intended. Companies can import their production facilities and raw materials duty-free , but have to take them out of the country at a later date. Therefore mainly goods and semi-finished goods are produced for export .

The taxes and other charges to be paid to the state are very low in order to provide investment incentives. Special permits are only required for firearms and radioactive material . The regulations are so broad that they B. Allow IT activities unrelated to production.

The regulations are therefore increasingly criticized, to which problems of environmental pollution - especially on the Rio Grande - contribute. NGOs active in social policy such as the Canadian Maquila Solidarity Network and various Christian organizations endeavor to persuade the maquila industry , which is also booming in Central America, to comply with minimum social and labor standards.

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