Marc Tiffeneau
.jpg)
Marc Émile Pierre Adolphe Tiffeneau (born November 5, 1873 in Mouy , † May 20, 1945 in Paris ) was a French chemist, medic and pharmacologist.
Life
Tiffeneau studied after his apprenticeship as a pharmacist at the École de Pharmacie in Paris, where Auguste Béhal was his teacher. In 1895 he became a taxidermist there and in 1899 he received his diploma in pharmacy. He received his doctorate in natural sciences in Paris in 1907 and again in medicine in 1910. Tiffenau was chief pharmacologist at the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris from 1927 . In 1910 he began to teach pharmacology at the Faculty of Medicine of the Sorbonne and in 1927 he became professor of pharmacology at the Sorbonne. In 1937 he was dean (doyen) of the medical faculty. He died suddenly in 1945 on a platform in the Gare du Nord when he was about to take a train to London.
In organic chemistry, he dealt with synthesis and stereochemistry. The Tiffeneau-Demjanow rearrangement was named after him, with Nikolai Jakowlewitsch Demjanow as another namesake.
As a pharmacist, he dealt with hypnotics such as barbiturates and bromureides, analeptics , sympathomimetics , general and local anesthetics and pharmacodynamics. He also dealt with alkaloids , both natural ones such as nicotine, ergot alkaloids and caffeine, as well as with the synthesis of new alkaloid-like substances. In toxicology he dealt with chloralose and tuberculin .
The Tiffeneau test measures the amount of air that can be exhaled one second after maximum inhalation.
He was a member of the Académie nationale de médecine since 1927 and of the Académie des Sciences since 1939 . In 1945 he was President of the French Chemical Society. In 1911 and 1923 he received the Prix Jecker of the Académie des Sciences. In 1923 he became a knight and in 1938 an officer of the Legion of Honor .
.jpg)
He had been friends with Ernest Fourneau for student days and married one of his sisters. Tiffeneau was a music lover who regularly attended the Bayreuth Festival and he traveled extensively in Europe and North and South America. He was an employee of the International Pharmacopeia of the World Health Organization (WHO).
He also dealt with the history of chemistry, including with Charles Frédéric Gerhardt and Jean-Baptiste Dumas .
Fonts
- Abrégé de pharmacologie, 1924
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tiffeneau, Marc |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Tiffeneau, Marc Émile Pierre Adolphe (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French chemist, doctor and pharmacologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 5, 1873 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Mouy |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 20, 1945 |
| Place of death | Paris |