Markush formula

Azo group with two residues

fictional example

As a Markush structure , generic structure or General formula is referred to structural formulas with varying substituents , which are used especially in chemical patents. In tables, variable fragments in defined partial structures are indicated by abbreviations (R, R ¹ ), which are defined in tables, e.g. B .:

• R, R ′, R ¹ = alkyl radical
• X = heteroatom residue
• Ar = aryl radical
• E = ester group
• L = ligand

Connecting lines with a blind ending: polychlorinated dibenzodioxins

For variable numbers of groups, chain or ring links, italic subscripts are used, e.g. B. Cl _x F _{3 − x} C − CCl _y F _{3 − y} , H ₃ C− [CH ₂ ] _{m − 1} - [O − CH ₂ −CH ₂ -] _n OH. Variable positions are indicated by a connecting line ending blindly between two positions and starting from the remainder.

It is named after Eugene A. Markush, who patented his invention.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Entry on Markush formulas. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on May 16, 2014.
2. ↑ ^{a b} Patent US1506316 : Pyrazolone dye and process of making the same. Applied on January 9, 1923 , published August 26, 1924 , Applicant: Pharma Chemical Corp. Inventor: Eugene A. Markush. ‌