Marsh Hoof Village

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A straight road as the central axis in the Marsch, Bülkau

A Marschhufendorf is a form of settlement and a form of the row village with hooves in the marshland .

Marschhufendörfer exist only as a planned system, often as a result of systematic colonization and, above all, the dike in sea ​​and river marshes . The distribution of the march hooves villages is therefore on the coastal landscapes of the North Sea and the shores edge zones of the lower reaches of the great rivers that flow into the North Sea is limited. Marschhufendörfer exist especially in the Netherlands and since about the 10th century in northern Germany in the areas in which the Dutch, with their knowledge of hydraulic engineering , played a key role in drainage. G. Elder colonization .

In addition to the road, the central axis of the settlement forms at least one, and in some cases two ditches , which are elongated topographical objects on which the Marschhufendorf aligns itself. Settlers were strip-shaped pieces of land in the size of a hoof, they made arable or cleared. The farms were built along the path and the main ditch, and agriculture (often as pasture farming ) was practiced on the area behind . At the end of the hooves, forest or its remnants were often still preserved, which over the course of time was "worked on" when new usable areas were needed. The boundaries between individual hooves were ditches, which is where the name border ditch comes from.

A Marschhufen village is directly related to the shape of the field and often to the use of the field .

literature

  • Heinz Ellenberg: Farmhouse and landscape from an ecological and historical perspective , Ulmer, Stuttgart 1990, p. 178 ff ( IV.2.3 Forest, Marsh and Moorhufendörfer )