Mashup (Internet)

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Mashup (from English to mash for to mix) describes the creation of new media content through the seamless (re) combination of already existing content. The term comes from the world of music and means something like remix in English (see Mashup (music) ). The term Web 2.0 was imported into the German-speaking area , as mashups are cited as an essential example of what is new about Web 2.0: Web content such as text, data, images, sounds or videos are e.g. B. newly combined like a collage . The mashups use the open programming interfaces (APIs) provided by other web applications.

So z. B. Integrate website providers via the API of maps and satellite photos on your own website and additionally provide them with individual markings. The Flickr API is also often used to integrate photos into new applications. A particularly large number of mashups links geographic data, for example from Google Maps or Bing Maps , with other content such as photos or classified ads. Videos embedded in websites are also used.

While mashups were initially labeled as toys, in the meantime some commercial providers, e.g. B. Real estate providers to use the above options, but also in other business environments they represent an option in the context of situational applications. This is especially interesting for the so-called long tail of business .

Technologies used

Mashups mostly use modern, lightweight web architectures and technologies. Usually they run in the browser, which then communicates with a server using JSON , Ajax , REST , SOAP , RSS or Atom . All of this is relatively uncomplicated and largely possible with JavaScript , but there are also mash-up environments that rely on a certain technology that must first be installed by the end user. Examples would be Adobe Flash , JavaFX or Silverlight .

Mashup technology provider

There are various providers of mashup environments. Often users can create or edit a mashup here through graphical user interfaces. Examples are:

The individual environments differ mainly in their target group. Individual environments are aimed at software developers, others at consumers or at employees of specialist departments in companies.

Criteria for categorizing mashups

  1. Is it a client or server-side mashup? Is data aggregated and processed in an application server before it is “sent”, or is everything done on the client side with the help of JavaScript ?
  2. How is the orchestration implemented? Are the individual components connected in the form of a flow (data flows from one component to the next) or is it event-based , so that the individual components are connected by the event listener design model?
  3. How is data transported? Are there global variables in which the data is stored and with which all components can work, or is the data passed to the next component as formal parameters?
  4. Is a new instance created each time the page is viewed? Or all users see the same instance, which would have the consequence that actions of user A could influence what user B sees.
  5. Who is the development environment aimed at: are they experienced web users, everyone or programmers? And related to it:
  6. What does the development environment look like: Are drag and drop , editing of source code or a combination of both offered?
  7. Are browser extensions (e.g. Adobe Flash ) required?
    • to run the mashup
    • to run the development environment
  8. Can you host the mashup yourself after it has been created and copy it as you like, or are you bound to certain providers (as in the case of Yahoo Pipes to Yahoo )?

literature

  • Tom Alby : Web 2.0 - Concepts, Applications, Technology . 3rd revised edition. Hanser Verlag , Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-446-41449-5 (first edition: 2007, ISBN 978-3-446-40931-6 ).
  • Michael Koch, Alexander Richter: Enterprise 2.0. Planning, implementation and successful use of social software in companies . Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-486-58578-0 .
  • Alexander Richter, Michael Koch: Social Software. Status quo and future . 2007 ( online (PDF; 1.0 MB) - freely available).
  • Volker Hoyer, Katarina Stanoveska-Slabeva: Enterprise Mashups: New Challenge for Project Management . dpunkt.verlag, 2008, ISSN  1436-3011 ( online - HMD - Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, Issue 260).
  • Volker Hoyer: Moved together. Ad-hoc software from the specialist department . Heise Verlag, 2008 ( online - ix - Magazin für Professionelle Informationstechnik, 10/2008, 98-102).
  • Denny Carl, Jörn Clausen, Marco Hassler, Anatol Zund: Programming mashups . O'Reilly, 2008, ISBN 978-3-89721-758-4 .
  • Eckart Voigts: Mashup and intertextual hermeneutics of everyday life. On the presence and performance of the digital remix . Schüren, Marburg 2015 ( online - MEDIENwissenschaft, issue 2/15).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from January 3, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / pipes.yahoo.com
  2. ↑ http://www-01.ibm.com/software/info/mashup-center/
  3. ↑ http://www.serena.com/sbm
  4. ↑ http://www.mashzone.com/