Uman massacre

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The Uman Massacre was a massacre of Poles and Jews that took place in the city of Uman in the Polish part of Ukraine in June 1768 .

The massacre took place in the course of the Koliivshchyna uprising of the Hajdamaks , led by Maksym Salisnjak and Ivan Gonta , after the Hajdamaks had succeeded in conquering the trading center of the right-wing Ukraine Uman.

course

The city, at that time full of Jewish and Polish refugees, was besieged by the Hajdamaks on June 17, 1768. After negotiations between the city commander of Uman and the Cossack leader Salisnjak, the city was handed over to the rebels in return for the guarantee that the lives of the Polish nobles would be spared. However, contrary to the agreement, these began a slaughter among the Jews and Poles there immediately after entering the city. 3,000 Jews fled to the synagogue and holed up there, whereupon Gonta had the entrance of the synagogue shot at with a cannon. After the access to the synagogue was free, the Hajdamaks stormed the building and attacked the people who had fled there. After the massacre of the Jews, numerous Poles were killed. ToAndreas Kappeler is said to have been killed in 2000 Poles and Jews in Uman alone.

The Jews of the entire perimeter of Uman fled and were chased from place to place, and many of them starved to death or to escape across the Dniester drowned. In total, the Hajdamaks murdered an estimated 20,000 Jews and Poles. Those of the refugees who were able to reach the city of Bender were captured by the Tatars and sold into slavery.

After the massacre, Salisnjak declared himself the new hetman of a restored hetmanate . On July 8, 1768, Salisnjak was arrested and tried together with almost his entire officer staff by order of the Russian Empress Catherine II by the Russian General Mikhail Kretschetnikow ( Михаил Никитич Кречетников ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b David Jüdische Kulturzeitschrift ( Memento from March 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Issue 89, Jüdisches Leben in Uman; Retrieved April 5, 2016
  2. ↑ a b c Entry HAIDAMACKS in the Jewish Encyclopedia , accessed on April 5, 2016
  3. ↑ Andreas Kappeler: Little History of the Ukraine, Munich 2009, p. 103.
  4. ↑ Encyclopedia of Ukraine ; accessed on April 5, 2016