Mastus

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Mastus
Mastus gittenbergeri

Mastus gittenbergeri

Systematics
Subordination : Land snails (Stylommatophora)
Superfamily : Enoidea
Family : Wolverine snails (Enidae)
Subfamily : Eninae
Tribe : Chondrulini
Genre : Mastus
Scientific name
Mastus
Beck , 1837

Mastus is a genus of the family of wolverines (Enidae) from the suborder of land snails (Stylommatophora).

features

The right-hand twisted, rarely left-hand twisted, elongated-egg-shaped to broad-egg-shaped cases are 10 to 25 mm high and 4 to 9 mm wide. They have 6.5 to 8 turns with a slightly curved periphery and a flat seam. The housing size and shape can vary somewhat within a species or population. The mouth is very variable in size and shape from species to species. The whitish mouth edges are sharp, more or less strongly bent and partly also thickened. The points of attachment of the mouth to the previous turn are usually not approximated, but can be connected to one another by a more or less thick whitish layer. The muzzle plane is slightly inclined to the housing axis. The last turn only rises slightly, if at all, just before the edge of the mouth. The mouth is generally without teeth; only a weak, angular tubercle is common. The yellowish-white to dark brown housing has a smooth surface, or the surface shows fine to coarse growth strips.

In the male tract of the sexual apparatus, the long, slightly wound sperm duct, which is looped around the vagina, enters the comparatively long epiphallus . A worm-shaped flagellum sits at the point of entry. The conical epiphallus caecum sits roughly in the middle of the epiphallus length. The epiphallus is about twice (or more than twice) as long as the penis. The penis is heavily thickened at the epiphallus / penis transition. The thickness gradually decreases to about half at the confluence of the penis with the atrium. The penile caecum and penile appendix are absent. The stimulator inside the penis is cone-shaped with a longitudinal groove. The unitary retractor muscle starts in the middle or in the proximal half of the penis (towards the epiphallus). In the female tract, the free fallopian tube (oviduct) is about twice as long as the vagina. The sperm library is relatively long, but the stem is not twisted. The bladder comes to rest close to the protein gland. Shortly before the bladder, a moderately long diverticulum branches off, which is thickened like a club at the end.

Geographical distribution

The distribution area of ​​the genus extends from the eastern Mediterranean and the Carpathians over Asia Minor to the Middle East, the Caucasus and Northern Iran.

Taxonomy

The genus was established in 1837 by Henrik Henriksen Beck . It has also been rated as a subgenus of Chondrula by various authors (e.g. Schileyko, 1998). In more recent works, however, it is viewed as an independent genus (Welter Schultes, Fauna Europaea and Gümüş & Neubert). Type species is Helix pupa Linnaeus, 1758 by the later determination by Herrmannsen (1847–49).

supporting documents

literature

  • Burçin Aşkım Gümüş, Eike Neubert: New taxa of terrestrial molluscs from Turkey (Gastropoda, Pristilomatidae, Enidae, Hygromiidae, Helicidae). ZooKeys, 171: 17-37, 2012 doi : 10.3897 / zookeys.171.2273
  • A. Parmakelis, E. Spanos, G. Papagiannakis, C. Louis, M. Mylonas: Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny and morphological diversity in the genus Mastus (Beck, 1837): a study in a recent (Holocene) island group (Koufonisi, south -east Crete). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 78 (3): 383-399, 2003. doi : 10.1046 / j.1095-8312.2003.00152.x
  • Anatolij A. Schileyko: Treatise on Recent Terrestrial Pulmonate Molluscs. Part 2. Gastrocoptidae, Hypselostomatidae, Vertiginidae, Truncatellinidae, Pachnodidae, Enidae, Sagdidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2 (2): 129-261, Moscow 1998 ISSN  0136-0027
  • Francisco W. Welter-Schultes: European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification = identification book for European land and freshwater mollusks. A1-A3 p., 679 p., Q1-Q78 p., Planet Poster Ed., Göttingen 2012, ISBN 3-933922-75-5 , ISBN 978-3-933922-75-5 (p. 132)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Henrik Henriksen Beck: Index molluscorum praesentis aevi musei principis augustissimi Christiani Frederici. Pp. 1–124, Copenhagen 1837 PDF .
  2. ↑ Fauna Europaea
  3. ↑ August Nikolaus Herrmannsen: Indicis generum malacozoorum primordia. Nomina subgenerum, generum, familiarum, tribuum, ordinum, classium; adjectis auctoribus, temporibus, locis systematicis atque literariis, etymis, synonymis. Praetermittuntur Cirripedia, Tunicata et Rhizopoda. Vol. II. S. XXVIII-XLII, 1-717, Kassel, Fischer 1847-49. (Delivery 1: 1-104: July 17, 1847, Delivery 2: 105-232: September 8, 1847, Delivery 3: 233-352: December 7, 1847, Delivery 4: 353-492: 18. February 1848, Delivery 5: 493-612: February 1849, Delivery 6: 613-717: March 1849) Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 231).

On-line

Web links

Commons : Mastus  - collection of images, videos and audio files