Mathematical geography
The mathematical geography (also mathematical geography ) deals with calculations or measurements on the earth's surface. Geodesy , cartography and navigation originally used their methods.
The term mathematical geography was mainly used in the 19th and early 20th centuries, while the term can hardly be found in current literature. The topics dealt with today are more likely to be attributed to cartography or geodesy. The geographic coordinate system is fundamental to mathematical geography . From mathematics , spherical geometry , especially spherical trigonometry , is used.
Calculations on the idealized surface of the earth
While the geography and mathematical mapping , the calculations of distances, angles and areas for small scales and low accuracies on the ball performs the necessary calculations for large scale maps on the ellipsoid of Mathematical Geodesy assigned. The following articles show the calculations on the globe.
Stretch:
- Orthodrome : the shortest distance between two points on the earth's surface
- Loxodrome : the same course between two points on the earth's surface
- Expansion : Distance of the meridians along a circle of latitude
Angle:
Surfaces:
- Area of the spherical triangle that is formed between two meridians
- Area of the spherical triangle that is defined by three points on the earth's surface
Map network designs
Maps are created using appropriate mapping rules. The area of map network design is therefore also regarded as a sub-area of cartography. He provides the theoretical basis for mapping the earth's surface on a map and deals with the resulting distortions and their minimization. Different mapping rules are used for the various map network designs .