Mathilde (Artois)
Mathilde , also called Mahaut (* 1268 ; † November 27, 1329 in Paris ) was Countess of Artois from 1302 to 1329 and, through marriage, Countess Palatine of Burgundy and Peer of France .
Life
Mathilde was the daughter of Count Robert II († 1302) and Amicia von Courtenay († 1275). She succeeded her father, bypassing her nephew Robert III. , Son of Roberts II. Son Philip († 1298), whom she successfully denied marriage.
Married to Otto IV. Palatine of Burgundy in 1285 , she widowed in 1303 at the age of 33. Otto's legacy, who succumbed to the wounds he sustained at the Battle of Courtrai in Flanders , passed to their three-year-old son Robert.
She married her two daughters Johanna and Blanka to Philip and Karl of France, the two sons of King Philip IV of France. Blanka was directly involved in 1314, Johanna as a confidante in the adultery scandal of the Tour de Nesle . While Blanka, away from her husband to her divorce in the castle to Château-Gaillard was imprisoned and then in the convent of Maubuisson allowed to retire, succeeded Mathilde, the release of their older daughter Johanna from captivity in the castle Dourdan to obtain . She returned to the side of her husband Philip, who probably forgave her not least because she took over the inheritance of her brother Robert, who died young, in 1315 and he did not want to give up the Free County of Burgundy .
Mathilde successfully put down a rebellion organized in 1316 by her nephew Robert - who was defeated in a first lawsuit for his inheritance in 1309 - in the county of Artois. In the same year, after the death of the five-day-old King John I of France († November 19, 1316), she was suspected of having murdered the infant - especially since her son-in-law as Philip V came to the throne and her daughter Johanna together with them he was crowned in Reims.
From 1318 Robert von Artois led a second trial against Mathilde before the court of the pairs and the king, called cour des pairs , in order to regain his rightful inheritance, but lost it after it became clear that the most important of the documents he presented was a forgery . The forger Jeanne de Divion was sentenced to death at the stake and burned, and Robert von Artois was banished after his possessions were confiscated. He found acceptance in England.
Mathilde experienced both the death - without male heirs - of Philip V († 1322) and that of his brother Charles IV († 1328), with whom the direct line of the Capetians died out. Now, encouraged by Robert von Artois and with the support of the Dukes of Burgundy, her sister Isabella of France claimed the throne of France for her son Eduard , which gave rise to the outbreak of the Hundred Years War between France and England.
Mathilde von Artois died in Paris on November 27, 1329 at the age of about 59. The cause of death remained unclear. The suspicion that she was poisoned during a supper that she had had four days earlier in the circle of the court in Poissy could not be substantiated. On November 30, she was buried - like her father - in Maubuisson Abbey, while the heart was buried in Paris in the Couvent des Cordeliers , the monastery of the Friars Minor of St. Francis. It was buried there in her son's grave. One of the not clearly identified grave figures from the first third of the 14th century, which are kept in the burial place in Saint-Denis , is believed to be that of Mathilde von Artois.
Her authoritarian behavior made Mathilde von Artois very unpopular, which explains the unusual charges brought against her.
progeny
Mathilde and Otto IV. Of Burgundy had the following children:
- Johanna (* around 1291; † 1330), 1315 Countess of Burgundy, ⚭ 1307 the future King Philip V of France
- Blanka (* around 1295; † 1325/26), ⚭ 1308 the future King Charles IV of France , divorced in 1322, nun in Maubuisson
- Robert (* 1300; † 1315), 1302 Count of Burgundy
- Jean, died as an infant
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Robert III |
Countess of Artois 1309–1329 |
Johanna |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Mathilde |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Mahaut |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Countess of Artois and, by marriage, Countess Palatine of Burgundy and Peer of France |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1268 |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 27, 1329 |
| Place of death | Paris |