Michalská (Prague)

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Servite Monastery, Michalská 27, passage

The Michalska is a street in Prague , capital of Czech Republic . Together with Jiráskova, it forms a central axis of Prague's Old Town and connects Uhelný trh ( Coal Market) and Hlavsova ulice.

Sights, listed buildings

St. Michael Church (dissolved)
Michalska 18 (Melantrichova 15), courtyard and passage
  • The Red Cancer House (U Červeného raka), Michalská 1. The house is originally Gothic, but has been rebuilt in Baroque style. The current appearance is classical and dates from 1833–41, when the arrangement of the floors was changed and a staircase was added.
  • Isidor House (U Isidorů), Michalská 2. The three-storey house was created by connecting two separate medieval buildings. In 1845 Johann Kaura radically rebuilt the house on the ground floor and rebuilt it from the first floor.
  • The Golden Rooster House (U Zlatého kohouta), Michalská 3. Two-story house with Gothic foundations on a very irregular plot. It was rebuilt in the Renaissance and Baroque styles. The current appearance is late classicistic after the adaptation by Franz Wolf from 1847.
  • House For yellow rose (U Žluté růže, Michalská 5). Originally a Gothic house, it reached its present size in the late Renaissance. It was rebuilt in Baroque, Classicism and modern times, and there is a small side wing on Vejvodova Street.
  • House At the Golden Scale (U Zlaté váhy), Michalska 6. The house has a Gothic core in Renaissance style. Around 1690 it was radically rebuilt in the early Baroque style. In the years 1929–32 the attic was built behind the baroque gable and the inner courtyard building was demolished and replaced by a new building.
  • Jelena House , The Five Pumpkins (U Jelena), Michalská 11. It is a new building from 1935 according to the plans of F. Dittrich, which imitates the facade of the original building, which was demolished in 1932. On the street front there is a sculpture of St. Hubert by IF Platzer.
To the golden melon
  • House at the golden melon (U Zlatého melounu), Michalská 12. The present house was built around 1760 by joining two originally medieval buildings. At that time, new stairs and a large lobby were built. The facade was not standardized until the 19th century.
  • The White Rabbit House (U Bílého zajíce), Michalská 13. The three-story row house is originally Gothic and was rebuilt in the Renaissance and Baroque styles. From 1807, the current appearance underwent a classicistic redesign that changed the facade of the house.
  • House To the Two Black Heads (U Dvou černých hlav), Michalská 14. The house was created by connecting two Gothic buildings. The high baroque renovation brought an increase in the house by the 3rd floor and alterations to the facade. Classicist conversions, especially the rear building, took place around 1850. The attic was built in the first half of the 20th century.
  • The Golden Orb House (U Zlatého říšského jablka), Michalská 15. It is a two-story row baroque house built on Gothic foundations. The current facade is classical and dates from the 1930s.
  • The House of the Three Brothers (U Tří bratří), Michalská 16. Originally a Gothic house was rebuilt during the Renaissance; it got its present appearance in the Classicism period around 1850 - the third floor was added and a semicircular staircase was built. The modern adaptation in 1934 changed the arrangement of the 2nd and 3rd floors.
  • House of the Three Kings (Dům U Svatých Tří králů), Michalská 18, Melantrichova 15. Today it is a four-winged palace from the Renaissance. The front building is on Melantrichov Street and the rear building on Michalska Street. During the Rococo renovation, which raised the house by the third floor, the street facades were also modified.
  • The Golden Half-Round House (Zlatého půlkola), Michalská 21. In the Middle Ages, a larger building stood on the site of the present house. After the middle of the 18th century a major renovation took place. The baroque appearance has been preserved to this day, the modernizations only affected the ground floor.
  • Servite Monastery (Klášter servitů), Michalská 20, 27 and 29, UNESCO World Heritage Site. The center of the monastery complex is the former Romanesque parish church of Michael. The complex consists of six other buildings, part of which is on the Old Town Square opposite the City Hall.

history

The street was named after the church of the Archangel Michael, which was built here in the second half of the 12th century. The original name of the street was "U svatého Michala", in the 1860s it was temporarily called "Melonova" after house no. 12 to the golden melon , after which it has been called "Michalská" since then.

Michalská as a fur trading center

Just as Germany had the Brühl street as a world trading center for fur skins as a tobacco goods trading center in Leipzig , after the Second World War Frankfurt had the Niddastraße fur trading center or London Garlick Hill , so Czechoslovakia had Michalská in Prague.

The first beginnings of the Prague Fur Center go back to the 1780s. The oldest tobacco shop in Michalská was that of AJ Schütz , the house of a brother of the founder of the renowned Viennese tobacco company JZ Schütz . It was opened in 1783 in Michalská No. 10. For the 100th anniversary, the founder's grandchildren, Ignaz and Hermann Schütz , handed over their business to Hermann Troller , who in 1844 became a co-owner of Herm. Mestec, which was founded in Bohemia , now has a branch in Brno . For several decades, N. Troller's Sons remained the only fur trading company on Michalská. In other streets there were only two other tobacco shops , the company JZ Schütz and Isidor Taussik .

When Czechoslovakia separated from Austria in 1918, Prague became the main hub for the newly created state and Michalská moved from an Austro-Hungarian secondary trading center to a main center. In the 1930s, “shop after shop with the most precious treasures” of the fur industry was lined up. Major fur wholesalers had moved here from other streets. That was, for example, the United Fur Industry J. Taussik , the A. Porges company had a large house built. Only two companies were not yet on Michalská, but still nearby, the market association of furriers and D. Adler . Like in Leipzig, the furriers were now also looking for proximity to the fur center in order to gain the reputation of efficient wholesalers themselves.

Between the two world wars, close business relations existed between the two commercial centers of Michalská and the Leipziger Brühl: “You could get on the Balkan train shortly before the office closed in Prague and be in Leipzig that same evening. On the other hand, many Leipzig traders have come to Prague to visit business friends there. It often took a local guide to find the Michalská in the tangle of Prague's old town streets, which is an inconspicuous dead end and can only be reached through old courtyard entrances. "

After the war, the fur trade in Michalská had also reached a higher level in terms of quality. In 1935 the specialist press said: “Michalská manipulates itself! She knew how to stand on her own two feet and find sources of shopping directly in London and the countries of origin. This was partly due to the allocation of raw and finished goods for imports, which had an effect in favor of the import of raw goods, and also the economic development of the C. S. R. processing industry , which in the last three years has achieved considerable levels in many articles. “The simultaneous prognosis that this situation would hardly change in the foreseeable future was overtaken by the upheavals of the war that began in 1938. In 2018, there was probably only the small furrier, founded in 1992 by Robert Kreibich, and no tobacco products company on the Michalská.

Web links

Commons : Michalská (Prague)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dům U Červeného raka ÚSKP 38491 / 1-211 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  2. ↑ Dům U Isidorů ÚSKP 38594 / 1-272 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  3. ↑ Dům U Zlatého kohouta ÚSKP 38493 / 1-212 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  4. ↑ Dům U Žluté růže ÚSKP 38495 / 1-213 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  5. ↑ Dům U Zlaté váhy ÚSKP 38592 / 1-271 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  6. ↑ Dům U Jelena ÚSKP 38511 / 1-221 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  7. ↑ Dům U Zlatého melounu ÚSKP 38497 / 1-214 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  8. ↑ Dům U Bílého zajíce ÚSKP 38509 / 1-220 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  9. ↑ Dům U Dvou černých hlav ÚSKP 38499 / 1-215 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  10. ↑ Dům U Zlatého říšského jablka ÚSKP 38507 / 1-219 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  11. ↑ Dům U Tří bratří ÚSKP 38501 / 1-216 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  12. ↑ Dům U Svatých Tří králů ÚSKP 38543 / 1-242 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  13. ↑ Dům U Zlatého půlkola ÚSKP 38503 / 1-217 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  14. ↑ Klášter servitů ÚSKP 38207 / 1-34 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  15. ↑ previous.npu.cz: Praha 1, Tajemství sv. Michala, bývalý kostel svatého Michaela archanděla, Michalská 29, Staré Město, čp. 662 / I (Czech). Last accessed on August 5, 2019.
  16. ↑ Michalská | Uličník | Praha 1 - území, symboly, ulice, památky, historie | MČ Prague 1 | Praha 1. In: praha1.cz. Retrieved August 6, 2019 (Czech).
  17. ↑ a b c d e Nk .: The Michalská in Prague - Contribution to the development and history of the tobacco goods trading places . In: Der Rauchwarenmarkt No. 93, September 13, 1935, p. 4.