Microrajon
Mikrorajon ( Russian Микрорайон ) is the name of a settlement outside a core city in the former USSR . Microrajony are typically built on with standardized multi-storey buildings in large panel construction (" Plattenbau ").
The term microrajon describes an even smaller spatial order than the Rajon and aims at the unit city or settlement. A microrajon was and is initially the name of an independent planning unit in the planning phase of a city expansion or re-establishment. After its completion, the names of the consecutively numbered microrajony were often used by its residents. The name of the microrajon is often part of bus or tram stop names. The term microrajon also occurs frequently in the address or address.
According to the Soviet planning norms, a microrajon covers an area of ten to 60, a maximum of 80 hectares . It should not be cut by main highways. Furthermore, maximum distances to the infrastructure facilities apply (e.g. schools not more than 500 m from the most distant apartment block).
A microrajon usually has its own kindergartens, schools and leisure infrastructure (playgrounds, sports fields) and, depending on the size, retail, health and administrative units.
In the GDR , the Soviet model of the microrajon was adopted, where it was called " residential area " and was also numbered consecutively. This designation is still used today (e.g. in Berlin-Marzahn, Strausberg and others).