Miliolida

Miliolida
Marginopora sp., ( Soritidae )
Systematics
without rank: Sar without rank: Rhizaria without rank: Retaria without rank: Foraminifera (Foraminifera) without rank: Tubothalamea without rank: Miliolida
Scientific name
Miliolida
Delage & Hérouard , 1896

The Miliolida are a shell-bearing, sea-dwelling single - celled taxon belonging to the group of foraminifera .

features

The types of order form housings made of high magnesium calcite (> 5 mol% magnesium ), which they secrete as rod-shaped, 1.5 to 2 micrometers long and 0.24 micrometers thick crystals in a random arrangement. The casings are milky, translucent and have a porcelain-like surface, in adult animals (with the exception of some fossil species) imperforate.

Details of reproduction are known for some species; numerous gametes with two flagella and a characteristically long kinetoplast and axostyle are released into the water column.

In addition to the Rotaliida and the Globigerinida , the Miliolida are one of the three foraminifera orders that serve as hosts for photosynthesizing endosymbionts . Such symbioses can be found in the families of the Peneroplidae (symbionts are Rhodophyta or Chlorophyta ), the Soritidae (Chlorophyta, Pyrrophyceae ) and the Alveolinidae ( Bacillariophyceae ).

Systematics

Quinqueloculina sp. , Hauerinidae

The group has been fossilized since the Carboniferous . It currently comprises eight subgroups (further subdivision only selection):

• Squamulinacea
  • Squamulinidae
• Cornuspiracea
  • Cornuspiridae
• Hemigordiopsacea
  • Hemigordiopsidae
• Nubeculariacea
  • Nubeculariidae
  • Fischerinidae
  • Ophthalmidiidae
• Discospirinacea
  • Discospirinidae
• Miliolaceae
  • Hauerinidae
  • Spiroloculinidae
  • Miliolidae
  • Tubinellidae
• Alveolinacea
  • Alveolinidae
  • Keramosphaeridae
• Soritacea
  • Peneroplidae
  • Soritidae

proof

• Barun K. Sen Gupta: Systematics of modern Foraminifera , In: Barun K. Sen Gupta (Ed.): Modern Foraminifera . Springer Netherlands (Kluwer Academic), 2002, ISBN 978-1-4020-0598-5 , pp. 27 .
• Alfred R. Loeblich, Jr., Helen Tappan: Foraminiferal genera and their classification , E-Book des Geological Survey Of Iran , 2005, Online

Web links

Commons : Miliolida  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Pamela Hallock: Symbiont-bearing Foraminifera In: Barun K. Sen Gupta (Ed.): Modern Foraminifera , 2002, p. 123, ISBN 978-1-4020-0598-5