Mingrelia

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Coordinates: 42 ° 34 ′ 30 ″  N , 41 ° 40 ′ 40 ″  E

Historical region of Mingrelia

Mingrelia or Megrelia ( Georgian სამეგრელო / Samegrelo, Mingrelian სამარგალო / Samargalo), formerly also called Odischi , is a landscape in western Georgia , bordering Abkhazia on the Black Sea .

The Megrelen (Kolcher) are a sub-ethnic group of Georgians and speak their own language, which is closely related to Georgian and Svaneti . From the 16th to the 19th century Mingrelia was an independent principality , which was annexed by Russia in 1857 and incorporated into the Kutaisi governorate . Today it forms, together with the northern part of Svaneti, the political administrative unit of Mingrelia and Upper Svanetia of Georgia.

Princes of Mingrelia

  • Vardan I. Dadiani (legendary)
  • Vardan II. Dadiani 1184 - approx. 1213
  • Serghil Dadiani 1213 - approx. 1250
  • Vardan III. Dadiani approx. 1250 – approx. 1260
  • Tsotne Dadiani approx. 1260 – approx. 1300
  • Giorgi I. Dadiani approx. 1300-1323
  • Mamia I. Dadiani-Gurieli 1323-1345
  • Giorgi II. Dadiani-Gurieli 1345-1384
  • Vamek I. Dadiani 1384-1396
  • Mamia II. Dadiani 1396-1414
  • Liparit I. Dadiani 1414-1470
  • Samsan ed-Daula Dadiani 1470-1474
  • Vamek II. Dadiani 1474-1482
  • Liparit II. Dadiani 1482-1512
  • Mamia III. Dadiani 1512-1532
  • Levan I. Dadiani 1532-1546
  • Giorgi III. Dadiani 1546-1574
  • Mamia IV. Dadiani 1574
  • Giorgi III. Dadiani (2nd time) 1574-1582
  • Mamia IV. Dadiani (2nd time) 1582-1590
  • Mamuka I. Dadiani 1590-1611
  • Levan II. Dadiani 1611-1657
  • Liparit III. Dadiani 1657-1658
  • Vamek III. Dadiani 1658-1661
  • Levan III. Dadiani 1661-1681
  • Levan IV. Dadiani 1681-1691
  • Giorgi IV. Txikovani 1691-1715
  • Katsia I. Dadiani 1704-1710
  • Bejan Dadiani 1715-1728
  • Otia Dadiani 1728-1744
  • Katsia II. Dadiani 1744-1788
  • Grigol Dadiani 1788-1791
  • Mamuka II. Dadiani 1791-1793
  • Tariel Dadiani 1793-1794
  • Grigol Dadiani (2nd time) 1794-1802
  • Tariel Dadiani (2nd time) 1802
  • Grigol Dadiani (3rd time) 1802-1804
  • Levan V. Dadiani 1804-1840
  • David Dadiani 1840-1853
  • Nicolau Dadiani 1853-1867

According to Meyers

Mingrelia (Mingreul, "Land of a Thousand Sources"), formerly an independent principality in the Caucasus, on the Black Sea, between Abkhazia (in the north) and the Rion River (in the south), later belonged to Persia , fell to Russia in 1804 and has formed since 1867 a part of the Russian-Caucasian governorate Kutais (the districts Sugdid and Senak) with a total of 4,625 km² (84 square meters) and (1873) 175,438 inhabitants.

The country is mountainous (in the innermost part even high mountains), in the south it is boggy. The fertility of the soil at high temperatures and humid air guarantees an extraordinary wealth of vegetation. Main products are: grain, corn, cotton, tobacco, wine, oil, millet, wood, silk, honey, horses.

M. is the colchis of the ancients , then formed part of Georgia and was defeated at Imerethi when this country was partitioned (1241). The kings of Georgia had the country administered by governors, one of whom, Dadian, made himself independent and became the progenitor of the subsequent princes of M. The former Tsar von M. carried the title "Prince of the Black Sea". His residence was Isgaur or Iskuriah (the old Dioskurias) on the Black Sea, which is also the main trading center of the country. Cf. de Rad: traveling in the Mingrelian high mountains ; Tbilisi 1866; Erckert: The Caucasus and its peoples ; Leipzig 1887

This article is based on a text in the public domain from Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , 4th edition from 1888 to 1890.

Please only remove this note if you have revised the article to such an extent that the text reflects the current state of knowledge on this topic, this has been proven and it meets today's linguistic requirements.
To refer to the Meyers article afterwards, you can{{ Meyers Online | Volume | Page}} to use.

Well-known Mingrelians

  • Andria Dadiani (georg. ანდრია დადიანი), Prince of Mingrelia and chess player
  • Lavrenti Beria (georg. ლავრენტი ბერია), head of the security services of the USSR under Stalin
  • Konstantine Gamsachurdia (georg. კონსტანტინე გამსახურდია), one of the most important Georgian writers of modern times, father of Sviad Gamsachurdia (georg. ზვიად გამსახურდია), the first president of Georgia after independence in 1991
  • Murtas Churzilawa , former football player from the Soviet Union

literature

  • Friedrich Martin von Bodenstedt: The peoples of the Caucasus and their freedom struggles against the Russians. A contribution to the latest history of the Orient. Second edition, Frankfurt am Main. Publishing house by Carl Bernhard Lizius. London. D. Nutt. 1849 (first edition 1848). In it: The inhabitants of the Caucasus , pp. 32–148. https://books.google.ch/books (accessed on November 14, 2017)
  • Friedrich Martin von Bodenstedt: A thousand and one days in the Orient (travel report), 1849/50, Berlin 1859. Publishing house of the Royal Secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker). Third edition. Therein: Chapter 40: From Imerien to Mingrelien , pp. 377–381. https://books.google.ch/books (accessed on November 14, 2017)
  • Georg August von Breitbauch: History of the States of Georgia , Memmingen. Published by Andreas Seyler. 1788. pp. 33-42. https://books.google.ch/books (accessed on November 14, 2017)
  • D. Anton Friderich Büsching's new earth description. The Fifth Part, First Section, which understands the different countries of Asia. Hamburg with Johann Carl Bohn, 1768, pp. 149–151. https://books.google.ch/books (accessed on November 14, 2017)
  • Dr. Eduard Eichwald: Journey on the Caspian Sea and into the Caucasus. Taken in the years 1825-1826. First volume Stuttgart, Verlag der JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, 1937. In it: Journey to the Caucasus. Second division. Cap. III Journey to Imereti and Mingrelia , pp. 184–362. https://books.google.ch/books (accessed on November 14, 2017)
  • Christoph Benjamin Haeckels (or Häckels): General and latest description of the world from Mr. Johann Caspar Funckens seel. ... left behind MSC ... brought to light by Johann Bartholomäus beeder Rechten and the Weltweisheit Doctorn , Second Part, published by Daniel Bartholomäi and Son, 1753, VI. Book, VI. Chapter: From Asia , pp. 4243–44. https://books.google.ch/ books (accessed on November 14, 2017)
  • Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall: History of the Ottoman Empire , fourth volume… 1574-1623, Pest. In CA Hartleben's Verlage, 1829, p. 61.https: //books.google.ch/books (accessed on November 14, 2017)
  • Eberhard Werner Happel: Thesaurus Exoticorum Or a treasure trove well-stocked with Russian rarities and stories ... Hamburg. Printed and published by Thomas von Wiering… In 1688. Therein: Mingrelien , pp. 32–33. KK Hofbibliothek - Österr. National Library, 64C8, micro filmed umsigniert to MF 6021. https://books.google.ch/books (Accessed on 14 November 2017)
  • Bertha von Suttner (nee Countess Kinsky): Memoirs. Fourth part (1876-1885), pp. 49-50. In: http://www.zeno.org/ Literatur / M / Suttner, + Bertha + von / Autobiographisches / Memoiren / Second + Part + (1862-1872) /6.+Eine+Saison+in+Homburg+v.+ d. + H% C3% B6he

(Accessed November 14, 2017) See also: Memoirs , Severus Verlag, Hamburg, 2013.

  • Newly opened amphitheater in which most of the nations of southern Asia are represented in clean figures according to their habit, ... Erfurt. Printed and published by Johann Michael Funcken. 1728. In it: The Georgian Principality of Mingrelia. Pp. 67-72. https://books.google.ch/books (accessed on November 14, 2017)