Mingrelian language

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Mingrelian

Spoken in

GeorgiaGeorgia Georgia
speaker approx. 500,000
Linguistic
classification
Language codes
ISO 639 -1

-

ISO 639 -2

cau

ISO 639-3

xmf

Spread of the Mingrelian language (highlighted in ocher)

The Mingrelian or Me (n) Grelic language (own name: მარგალური ნინა margaluri nina ) is spoken by around 500,000 people in western Georgia , making it the second largest of the South Caucasian languages . Together with the closely related Lasian, it forms the Sanian group of this language family.

Mingrelian was not a written language until recently and is still not an official or school language in Georgia; Georgian, which is related to Mingrelian , has served as the written language of the Mingrelians since the Middle Ages . Recently Mingrelian has been used in an unofficial setting, e.g. B. in public forums with reference to the Georgian, rarely the Latin letters without standardized spelling. A Mingrelian newspaper appears in Abkhazia , the magazine Gali .

Other names for the language are: Georgian მეგრული ენა megruli ena and Abkhazian агыршәа agərš ° a (after the medieval state of Egrisi ), alternative outdated names are (translated): iveric language , language of Odischi or language of Egrisi .

Dialects

Distribution of the Mingrelian language in the Mingrelia region and in Abkhazia with its dialects: 1: West Mingrelian (= Zugdidi-Samurzaqan dialect), 2: East Mingrelian (= Senaki dialect), hatched: Mingrelian before the expulsions of the Abkhazian War 1992–93

Mingrelic is divided into two main dialects:

  • Samurzaqan (in the east of Abkhazia), Zugdidi in the northwest ( zugidiši-murzaqaniši ) and
  • Senaki in the southeast ( senaḳiši )

Phonology

In addition to the sounds of the Georgian language, Mingrelian also knows the sounds / ʔ /, / j / and in the dialect of Samurzaqan-Zugdidi the vowel / ə /.

grammar

Main article: Mingrelian grammar

literature

  • Helmut Glück (Ed.): Metzler Lexicon Language. 4th, updated and revised edition. JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2010, ISBN 978-3-476-02335-3 .
  • Alice C. Harris: Mingrelian . In: Alice C. Harris (Ed.): The indigenous languages ​​of the Caucasus . Volume 1. The Kartvelian languages. Caravan Books, Delmar NY 1991, pp. 313-394. ISBN 0-88206-068-6
  • Otar Kadshaia, Heinz Fähnrich: Mingrelisch-German dictionary. Reichert, Wiesbaden 2001. ISBN 3-89500-221-6
  • Ioseb Kipšidze: Grammatika mingrel'skogo (iverskogo) jazyka s chrestomatieju i slovarëm . St. Petersburg 1914. (Russian)
  • Georgij A. Klimov: Megrel'skij jazyk . In: Jazyki mira: kavkazskie jazyki . Indrik, Moscow 2001.
  • Heinz Fähnrich (Ed.): Kartwelsprachen . Reichert, Wiesbaden 2008. ISBN 3-89500-653-X

Web links

Wikipedia in Mingrelian
Wiktionary: Mingrelian  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations