Mingrelian language
Mingrelian | ||
---|---|---|
Spoken in |
Georgia | |
speaker | approx. 500,000 | |
Linguistic classification |
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|
Language codes | ||
ISO 639 -1 |
- |
|
ISO 639 -2 |
cau |
|
ISO 639-3 |
xmf |
The Mingrelian or Me (n) Grelic language (own name: მარგალური ნინა margaluri nina ) is spoken by around 500,000 people in western Georgia , making it the second largest of the South Caucasian languages . Together with the closely related Lasian, it forms the Sanian group of this language family.
Mingrelian was not a written language until recently and is still not an official or school language in Georgia; Georgian, which is related to Mingrelian , has served as the written language of the Mingrelians since the Middle Ages . Recently Mingrelian has been used in an unofficial setting, e.g. B. in public forums with reference to the Georgian, rarely the Latin letters without standardized spelling. A Mingrelian newspaper appears in Abkhazia , the magazine Gali .
Other names for the language are: Georgian მეგრული ენა megruli ena and Abkhazian агыршәа agərš ° a (after the medieval state of Egrisi ), alternative outdated names are (translated): iveric language , language of Odischi or language of Egrisi .
Dialects
Mingrelic is divided into two main dialects:
- Samurzaqan (in the east of Abkhazia), Zugdidi in the northwest ( zugidiši-murzaqaniši ) and
- Senaki in the southeast ( senaḳiši )
Phonology
In addition to the sounds of the Georgian language, Mingrelian also knows the sounds / ʔ /, / j / and in the dialect of Samurzaqan-Zugdidi the vowel / ə /.
grammar
Main article: Mingrelian grammar
literature
- Helmut Glück (Ed.): Metzler Lexicon Language. 4th, updated and revised edition. JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2010, ISBN 978-3-476-02335-3 .
- Alice C. Harris: Mingrelian . In: Alice C. Harris (Ed.): The indigenous languages of the Caucasus . Volume 1. The Kartvelian languages. Caravan Books, Delmar NY 1991, pp. 313-394. ISBN 0-88206-068-6
- Otar Kadshaia, Heinz Fähnrich: Mingrelisch-German dictionary. Reichert, Wiesbaden 2001. ISBN 3-89500-221-6
- Ioseb Kipšidze: Grammatika mingrel'skogo (iverskogo) jazyka s chrestomatieju i slovarëm . St. Petersburg 1914. (Russian)
- Georgij A. Klimov: Megrel'skij jazyk . In: Jazyki mira: kavkazskie jazyki . Indrik, Moscow 2001.
- Heinz Fähnrich (Ed.): Kartwelsprachen . Reichert, Wiesbaden 2008. ISBN 3-89500-653-X
Web links
- Mingrelian. Ethnologue, Languages of the World
- Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Our Father in Mingrelian (
- Otar Kajaia: Mingrelian-Georgian dictionary
- Mingrelian-Lasian-Turkish dictionary
- Mingrelian-Lasian dictionary
- Wolfgang Schulze: Mingrelian. (PDF; 255 kB) In: Encyclopedia of the European East. University of Klagenfurth, accessed on July 7, 2009 .