Mirafra
| Mirafra | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
,_crop.jpg)
Klapper tree Lerche |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Mirafra | ||||||||||||
| Horsfield , 1821 |
Mirafra is a genus of larks. Among the bird species living today, 24 species belong to the genus. A German name for this species has not yet been established, but they are occasionally referred to as bush larks in their predominant habitat.
The range of the genus is very large. It ranges from Africa through Asia to Australia. The main distribution center of the species is Africa.
features
The genus Mirafra includes small to large larks. One of the largest is the giant lark , which reaches a body length of almost 22 centimeters and can weigh up to 68 grams.
The species of the genus are characterized by a short to medium-long beak that is slightly conical and straight and pointed or slightly curved. The nostrils are completely exposed. The tenth hand swing is always visible even with folded wings and its length corresponds to half to two thirds of the ninth hand swing. The sixth to eighth hand wings are each of almost the same length and form the wing tip. In most species, the wings are lined with reddish tones. The rear claw is almost as long as the rear toe and is somewhat secure. Most of the species also have a white component at least on the sixth (outermost) control feather.
Reproduction
Like all larks, the Mirafra species are ground-nesters. The nest is usually cup-shaped and in most cases covered with grass.
Distribution area
The range of the Mirafra species is very large. Numerous species are found in Africa and some of them have very large distribution areas. Another area of distribution is Asia. In Australia the Horsfield lark is the only naturally occurring species of lark. The skylark also occurs on the Australian continent, but is an introduced bird species there.
species
_(12286148834).jpg)
.jpg)
The following recent species are included in the genus:
- Red-necked Lark ( Mirafra africana )
- White-tailed Lark ( Mirafra albicauda )
- Angola Lark ( Mirafra angolensis )
- Grass Klapper Lerche ( Mirafra Apiata )
- Ashlark ( Mirafra ashi )
- Bengal Lark ( Mirafra assamica )
- Bush Lark ( Mirafra cantillans )
- Ridicule Lerche ( Mirafra cheniana )
- Collared Lark ( Mirafra collaris )
- Cordofan Lark ( Mirafra cordofanica )
- Red-winged Lark ( Mirafra erythroptera )
- Ogaden Lark ( Mirafra gilletti )
- Giant lark ( Mirafra hypermetra )
- Horsfield Lark ( Mirafra javanica )
- Sparrow Lark ( Mirafra passerina )
- Friedman's Lark ( Mirafra pulpa )
- Rust Lark ( Mirafra rufa )
- Klapper tree Lerche ( Mirafra rufocinnamomea )
- Somali giant lark ( Mirafra somalica )
- Williams lark ( Mirafra williamsi )
- Eastern rattle lark ( Mirafra fasciolata )
- Burmalark ( Mirafra microptera )
- Indochinalerche ( Mirafra erythrocephala )
- Jerdon lark ( Mirafra affinis )
literature
- Rudolf Pätzold: The larks of the world . Westarp Sciences, Magdeburg 1994, ISBN 3-89432-422-8 .
- Rudolf Pätzold: Compendium of Larks. All the larks on earth. Jan-Schimkat-Medienpublikation, Dresden 2003, ISBN 3-00-011219-7 .
Single receipts
- ↑ Pätzold: The larks of the world . P. 51.
- ↑ Nicators, reedling & larks "IOC World Bird List .
- ↑ Avibase zur Ostklapperlerche , accessed on January 14, 2017
- ↑ Avibase on Burmalerche , accessed on January 14, 2017
- ↑ Avibase on Indochinalerche , accessed on January 14, 2017
- ^ Per Alström: Taxonomy of the Mirafra assamica complex . In: Forktail . 13, 1998, pp. 97-107. Retrieved February 24, 2019.
- ↑ Avibase zur Jerdonlerche , accessed on January 14, 2017
