Tree rattle lark
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Tree rattle lark |
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| Mirafra rufocinnamomea | ||||||||||||
| ( Salvadori , 1865) |
The tree rattle lark ( Mirafra rufocinnamomea ) is a species from the lark family. It is a widespread species on the African continent. It is significantly smaller than a skylark , but has a slightly stronger beak. There are 15 different subspecies. The name is derived from the rattling and clattering instrumental sounds that the lark makes with its wings.
The stock situation of the tree rattle lark is classified as safe ( least concern ).
features
The tree rattle lark reaches a body length of 14 to 18 centimeters, of which 4.6 to 5.8 centimeters are on the tail. Measured from the skull, the beak is 1.48 to 1.75 centimeters long in the male and 1.41 to 1.7 centimeters in length in the female. Both sexes weigh between 21 and 32 grams. There is no noticeable gender dimorphism .
The plumage of the rattle larch is predominantly dull reddish and on the upper side of the body conspicuously blackish, longitudinally striped, as all feathers have dark shaft lines. The over-eye stripe is cream-colored. The crown feathers are a little longer and can be set up to form a small hood. The chin and throat are white to isabel in color, the chest is slightly darker with dark and reddish brown speckles. The wings are brown with different reddish parts. The tail feathers are overall dark brown with different reddish proportions: The middle pair of control feathers is reddish brown with dark shaft stripes, the outer vane of the fifth control feather is reddish and the sixth (outermost) control feather is light reddish.
Possible confusion
The tree rattle lark is similar to the grass rattle lark . The distribution area of the two species hardly overlaps. The two types differ in the control springs. In the grass rattle lark there are white parts that are missing in the tree rattle larks. The tree rattle lark differs from the Angola lark in its smaller body size. The Angola Lark also has a proportion of white in the tail feathers.
Distribution area and habitat
The tree rattle lark is a widespread species in Africa. It is found in Ethiopia, Sudan, Chad, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Ghana, Burkina, Mali, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Senegal, Gambia, Mauritania, Kenya , Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mozambique, Congo, Zambia, Angola, Botswana, Namibia and the Republic of South Africa.
The habitat is sparsely populated forest areas with extensive clearings with low and low vegetation and acacia savannas. It can also be seen on the roadsides.
Subspecies
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The following 15 subspecies are distinguished:
- M. r. buckleyi ( Shelley , 1873) : Mauritania and Senegal to the north of Cameroon.
- M. r. serlei White, CMN , 1960 : Southeast Nigeria
- M. r. tigrina Oustalet , 1892 : Occurrence from eastern Cameroon to the north of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- M. r. furensis Lynes , 1923 : From Western Sudan to Central Sudan.
- M. r. sobatensis Lynes, 1914 : Sudan
- M. r. rufocinnamomea ( Salvadori , 1865) : Northwest of Ethiopia and Central Ethiopia
- M. r. omoensis Neumann , 1928 : Southwest Ethiopia
- M. r. torrida Shelley, 1882 : From the south-east of Sudan and north Ethiopia to the north of Uganda, the central area of Kenya and Tanzania.
- M. r. kawirondensis van Someren , 1921 : Occurrence in the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, west Uganda and west Kenya.
- M. r. fischeri ( Reichenow , 1878) : Occurrence in Angola, the south of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in the north of the Congo, in the north of Zambia and in the north of Mozambique to the east of Tanzania, the east of Kenya and the south of Somalia.
- M. r. schoutedeni White, CMN, 1956 : Occurrence in Gabon and the Central African Republic to the west of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the north-west of Angola.
- M. r. lwenarum White, CMN, 1945 : Occurrence in the northwest of Zambia
- M. r. smithersi White, CMN, 1956 : Occurrence in northern Zambia, Zimbabwe, the northeast of Botswana and the north of the Republic of South Africa.
- M. r. pintoi White, CMN, 1956 : Occurrence in the south of Mozambique, Swaziland and in the northeast of the Republic of South Africa.
- M. r. mababiensis ( Roberts , 1932) : Occurrence in western Zambia to the central area of Botswana
literature
- Rudolf Pätzold: The larks of the world . Westarp Sciences, Magdeburg 1994, ISBN 3-89432-422-8 .
- Rudolf Pätzold: Compendium of Larks. All the larks on earth. Jan-Schimkat-Medienpublikation, Dresden 2003, ISBN 3-00-011219-7 .
Web links
Single receipts
- ^ Pätzold: Compendium of Larks . P. 85.
- ↑ a b Pätzold: Compendium of Larks . P. 82.
- ↑ a b Pätzold: Compendium of Larks . P. 83.
- ^ IOC World Bird List 6.4 . In: IOC World Bird List Datasets . September. doi : 10.14344 / ioc.ml.6.4 .