Mouvement Franciste
The Mouvement Franciste (MF) (Frankist movement), later Parti Franciste ( Frankist Party ), was a small fascist party in the French Third Republic . The organization existed from 1933 to 1944 and had the bleues chemises ( blue shirts ) their own party militia .
history
The party was founded in 1933 by Marcel Bucard , a former supporter of the Faisceau of Georges Valois . Bucard wanted to create a French copy of Italian fascism and initially set himself apart from German National Socialism . The movement sought an authoritarian , corporatist order with a strong role for the Catholic Church and, in contrast to the values of the French Revolution, emphasized freedom and equality, order and hierarchy. At first he rejected all anti-Semitism and even accepted Jewish members into his organization. Bucard later made a distinction between “patriotic” Jews and “homeless” who were only out to exploit. From late 1935 onwards, Bucard and the MF became clearly anti-Semitic. The MF was one of the right-wing extremist organizations that tried to storm Palais Bourbon , the seat of the Chamber of Deputies , which was in session during the February 6, 1934 riots . This was understood on the left as a fascist coup attempt , which led to anti-fascist cooperation between the SFIO and the Parti communiste français and in 1936 to the left-wing government of the Front Populaire . In 1936 over 100 right-wing extremist organizations were banned and forcibly dissolved, including the MF.
In the course of the German-Italian rapprochement through the Berlin-Rome axis , the Mouvement Franciste had largely given up its distance from National Socialist Germany . During the German occupation in World War II , the MF was re-approved as Parti Franciste in 1941 and now acted as a radical anti-Semitic party. Members of the PF collaborated closely with the German occupiers and were used, among other things, to fight the Resistance . After the liberation of France by the Western Allies , the PF was banned. Their leader, Bucard, was charged with treason , convicted and executed in March 1946.
literature
- Stanley Payne: History of Fascism. The rise and fall of a European movement. London 1995.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ tableau des dissolutions (pdf) (list of dissolved groups with legal bases, etc.)