Muchtasibat

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A Muchtasibat (Russian Мухтасибат) is an administrative unit within a spiritual administration of Muslims on the territory of Russia . The size of a Muchtasibat includes either a city, a Rajon, or an Okrug . At the head of the Muchtasibat there is always a Muchtasib , which however does not have the classic powers of an office holder of this name. He is installed in his office by the Mufti of the respective clerical administration.

The office of Muchtasib was created in Russia after the establishment of the Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly ( Orenburgskoje magometanskoje duchownoje sobranije ; OMDS) in 1789. Immediately after the opening of the authority, a clerical administrative apparatus of over 1900 people was set up. 51 Muchtasibs also belonged to this apparatus. In terms of rank they were below the Achunds and above the Imams, of whom there were a total of 527. The Muchtasibs examined the complaints against the imams on behalf of the OMDS and took part in the review of their judgments. By 1855, the number of Muchtasibs within the OMDS increased to 66. At the First All-Russian Congress of Muslims in 1917, the resolution was passed to create 60 Muchtasibates in the OMDS, to determine the Muchtasibs by election and to have them appointed by the clerical administration. In the 1930s, the Muchtasibate were liquidated by the Soviet leadership .

After the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, the Central Spiritual Administration of Muslims in Russia and other spiritual administrations established new Muchtasibate. The spiritual administration of the Muslims of the Russian Federation originally goes back to the Moscow Muchtasibat. For the area of jurisdiction "Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Bashkortostan" ( Duchownoje Uprawlenije Muslim Respubliki Bashkortostan ; DUM RB) which the Russian Muftirat of Rawil Gaynetdin belongs, among a total of 30 in 2007 Muchtasibate.

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Individual evidence

  1. ^ Cf. Michael Kemper: Sufis and Scholars in Tatarstan and Bashkiria, 1789-1889. The Islamic Discourse under Russian Rule. Klaus Schwarz, Berlin, 1996. p. 39.
  2. ^ Religious Board of Muslims for the Nizhny Novgorod Region
  3. ↑ Roman Anatoljewitsch Silantjew : Islam w sowremennoj Rossii, enziklopedija . Algoritm, Moscow, 2008. p. 45.