Muhammad ibn al-Hanafīya

Muhammad ibn al-Hanafīya ( Arabic محمد ابن الحنفية, DMG Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafīya ; died around 700 ) is Ali's son with one of his slaves. Imam Ali is said to have once called al-Hanafiyya his right-hand man .

The Kaisanites , the followers of Muchtar (d. 687) (see main article: Revolt of Muchtar ) believed in and recognized his imamate - d. H. not Ali ibn Hussain ( Imam Saddschad ), the son of Hussain and great-grandson of the Prophet Mohammed - as their Imam and Mahdi .

The idea of concealment ( ghaiba ) first appeared in the group of Shiites of the Kaisanites living in Kufa , for whom Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya was the imam, saying that he had not died but had removed himself from the world and lived in hiding : "[...] the belief in the physical continuity and the one day return of the person recognized as a Mahdi was linked to him ".

He is said to be hidden in the rock under the mosque in the Raḍwa Mountains to the west of Medina and , according to others, on the island of Chārag . He died during the reign of the Umayyad - Caliph Abd al-Malik .

A “book of postponement” ( Kitāb al-Irǧāʾ ) is traced back to Muhammad's son Hasan , in which the doctrine is developed that according to sura 9 : 106 the judgment about the people who would have participated in Fitna , i.e. Talha, az -Zubair, ʿAlī and ʿUṯmān, must be postponed. With this writing, Hasan is considered to be the founder of the religious-political movement of the Murdschiʾa . However, it is not certain whether the text really comes from Hasan.

Quote

Abū Idrīs reports: I saw that Muḥammed ibn al-Ḥanafijja was using various dyes. He confessed to me that his father Alī did not use such cosmetics . Why are you doing it ... "To successfully court women," was the answer.

literature

• JW Van Henten, JW Wesselius and PT Van Rooden: Tradition and Re-Interpretation in Jewish and Early Christian Literature: Essays in Honor of Jürgen CH Lebram (Studia Post Biblica). Brill 1997 ( online excerpt )
• Ignaz Goldziher : Lectures on Islam , 2nd A., 1925

Web links

• orientphil.uni-halle.de: Introduction to the history of the Islamic countries (PDF; 150 kB)

See also

• Zain al-Abidin

supporting documents

1. ↑ Chaula bint Jafar , the “Ḥanafitin” (from the tribe of the Banū Ḥanīfa ). He was thus a half-brother of Husain .
2. ↑ Arabic المختار بن أبي عبيد الثقفي, DMG al-Muḫtār b. Abī ʿUbaidat aṯ-Ṯaqafī
3. ↑ Ignaz Goldziher , Lectures on Islam , 2.A., 1925, p. 146
4. ↑ cf. paulyonline.brill.nl: Raḍwa
5. ↑ cf. Khārag ( Memento of the original from November 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at Encyclopædia Iranica 
6. ↑ Muḥammad, the son of ʿAli and Ḥanafitin Khaula, was born AH 21 = AD 642 (by Ibn Challiqān ) and died in Medina AH 81 = AD 700. His followers (kaisanites), however, believe that he did not die, but himself keeps hidden; some say in the Raḍwa Mountains in the west of Medina, others say on the island of Khārag in the rock under the mosque. - Quote from: dsr.nii.ac.jp : Friedrich Sarre & Ernst Herzfeld: Iranian rock reliefs. Berlin 1910, p. 64
7. ↑ See Josef van Ess: Theology and Society in the 2nd and 3rd Century Hijra. A History of Religious Thought in Early Islam. Volume I. Berlin-New York 1991. pp. 13f, 174-178. A translation of the text can be found in Volume V, pp. 6–12.
8. ↑ Note 56: Ibn Saʿd , V, 85, 5., after: Ignaz Goldziher , Vorlesungen über den Islam , 2.A., 1925, p. 146

Muhammad ibn al-Hanafīya (alternative names of the lemma)
Muḥammad Ibn al-Ḥanafiyya; Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah; Muḥammed b. al-Ḥanafijja; Muḥammad b. al-Ḥanafiyya; Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafiyya; Moḥammed b. al-Ḥanafijja