Museu Municipal Leonel Trindade de Torres Vedras
The Museu Municipal Leonel Trindade de Torres Vedras is an archaeological and regional museum in Torres Vedras , in Portugal . It is located in the former "Convento da Graça" monastery on the southern edge of the city center.
Focus
In addition to the extensive archaeological section, the museum contains works of art from the municipal churches and the region's oldest land register from the time of King Manuel I (reign: 1495–1521).
A large part of the archaeological holdings goes back to the collection of the former museum director, Leonel Trindade , who also discovered the Copper Age, fortified settlement of Zambujal (3rd millennium BC). Excavations increased these finds so much that they form the largest fund of the prehistoric department. Trinidade's son Leonel Joaquim Trindade created two models of this Copper Age system. In addition, the archaeological fund consists of the excavations and collections of the museum director before Leonel Trindade, the former military doctor Aurélio Ricardo Belo, as well as several smaller excavations and inspection campaigns from more recent times.
Another focus of the collections relates to the Napoleonic Wars and the related fortification lines of Torres Vedras .
On May 27, 2016 the exhibition "Histórias do Zambujal" was opened, which focuses on the excavations of Zambujal, but also shows the entire post-glacial development from the Mesolithic to the Bronze Age in the Torres Vedras district, as well as the associated research history. The exhibition was extended until at least the end of 2019.
Museum history
On June 21, 1929, the city administration (Câmara Municipal de Torres Vedras) decided to found a museum, which was initially set up in an annex to the sacristy of the Church of St. Peter (Igreja de São Pedro), the first director was Rafael Salinas Calado. He was followed from 1932 to 1960 by the doctor Aurélio Ricardo Belo, who in 1932 campaigned for Leonel Trindade to become his assistant and in 1934 vice director. In February 1944, the museum, together with the city library, moved into the rooms of the Irmandade da Santa Casa da Misericórdia on Rua Serpa Pinto. As the collections increased considerably, the museum needed more space again. In 1970 it was able to take over the rooms of the city library, which was given its own building. Leonel Trindade then assigned the eight rooms to the following subject areas: archeology, Napoleonic wars, Santa Casa da Misericóridia, early Portuguese culture, tile collection, contemporary painting, municipality of Torres Vedras, epigraphy. After AR Belo's death on July 27, 1961, the position of director was vacant for a few years until Leonel Trindade succeeded him as director on March 14, 1969. He carried out this task actively until 1987. In 1989 the museum moved to its current location, the Convento da Graça. To this end, on July 8, 1989, Mª Isabel Prazeres Soares de Luna and Leonel Joaquim Fernandes Trindade presented a new project. The museum was then opened in June 1992 in the Convento da Graça and Isabel Luna took over the management as curator until 2006. At the moment the museum is in a phase of redesign under the direction of Rui Brás, the management of the museum is carried out by Francisca Ramos.
Paleolithic and Mesolithic
Paleolithic stone tools were found mainly in the sand dunes near the seaside resort of Santa Cruz and further south near Cambelas. An important mesolithic site in Portugal is located in the dunes near Ponta da Vigia , on the southern edge of Praia da Santa Rita beach, from which remains of hearths were preserved.
Neolithic, Copper Age and Bronze Age
In the concelho of Torres Vedras there are numerous sites from the Copper Age , above all the fortified settlement of Zambujal mentioned above , other fortified settlements are in its hinterland, to the right and left of the valley of the Rio Sizandro - z. B. Boiaca , Castro da Fórnea , Penedo , Casal do Sobrigal - but also in the estuary of the north, approximately parallel flowing Rio Alcabrichel , there especially the Pico Agudo . There are also numerous domed and rock-domed tombs. The discovery of gold earrings from the destroyed rock-domed tomb near Ermegeira , which is now in the National Museum of Archeology ( Museu Nacional de Arqueologia ) in the Belém district of Lisbon, is famous . Among the finds from the Copper Age necropolis, there are particularly small pendants in the shape of rabbits made of limestone and ivory, as well as slate idols , jewelry made of callaïs and gagat pearls and copper daggers and palm tips. The necropolis of Cabeço da Arruda as well as the three graves, whose finds are also in the Museu Nacional de Arqueologia in Lisbon, Tholos do Barro , Serra das Mutelas and Quinta das Lapas, deserve special mention. The vessels of the bell beaker culture , which belong to the museum in Torres Vedras, come from the Cova da Moura cave (Torres Vedras) and the dome tomb Tholos de Pai Mogo (Lourinhã). Other important caves are the Abrigo de Carrasca and the Gruta da Portucheira , in which Bronze Age ceramics were found. The gold finds from Bonabal and Outeiro da Cabeça from the Bronze Age are impressive ; the finds from Monte da Pena from the immediate vicinity of the Tholos de Barro are also important from this period .
Iron age
The famous find of a bronze Phoenician clover-leaf jug (also known as a pear-shaped vessel: Vaso piriforme ) with the handles of a corresponding bronze basin, which was found during work in the city's cemetery, dates from the Iron Age . This vessel from the 7th century BC BC belongs to a group whose origin is believed to be in Gadir, today's Cádiz . Unfortunately, these finds are currently not on display in the exhibition. It seems that there was an Iron Age settlement in what is now Torres Vedras, which at least had trade contacts with the Phoenicians. An important hilltop settlement of this era was located on the highest elevation Serra do Socorro , directly on the border between the concelhos of Torres Vedras and Mafra. The nearest Phoenician trading post was discovered about 100 km away in Abul near Setúbal .
Roman epoch
In the Roman section you can find remains of ceramics, mosaics, columns, jewelry and metal objects from Roman villas in the area, as well as a number of inscription stones.
Early Middle Ages and Middle Ages
Capitals and a collection of tombstones can be seen from the early Middle Ages and Middle Ages .
literature
- Isabel Luna: Aurélio Ricardo Belo ea Investigação Arqueológica em Runa. In: Badaladas 2284, suplemento Freguesias 13, Torres Vedras October 15, 1999, 8.
- João Ludgero Marques Gonçalves. Setúbal Arqueológica 9-10 1992 pp. 247-276.
- Cecília Travanca: Reconhecer Leonel Trindade. Cooperativa de Comunicação e Cultura, Torres Vedras 1999.
- Cecília Travanca Rodrigues, Graça Andrade Mira, Jorge Ralha Leitão, José Travanca Rodrigues, Maria Guilhermina Pacheco, Maria Manuela Catarino, Venerando António de Matos: Torres Vedras - Passado e Presente . Câmara Municipal de Torres Vedras, Torres Vedras 1996. ISBN 972-96399-6-5 . Pp. 373-421.
- Leonel Joaquim Trindade, Isabel Luna: Museu Municipal de Torres Vedras, Cem Mil Anos de História, Sessenta Anos de Vida . In: Torres Cultural. Volume 3, Câmara Municipal de Torres Vedras 1990, pp. 38-43. ISSN 0871-4339 .
- João Zilhão , Emanuel Carvalho, Ana Cristina Araújo: A estação epipaleolítica da Ponta da Vigia (Torres Vedras) . In: Arqueologia. Volume 16, 1988, 19-39.
Web links
- The museum on the city's website (Portuguese)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cecília Travanca: Reconhecer Leonel Trindade. Cooperativa de Comunicação e Cultura, Torres Vedras 1999, 34.
- ↑ Isabel Luna: Aurélio Ricardo Belo ea Investigação Arqueológica em Runa. In: Badaladas 2284, suplemento Freguesias 13, Torres Vedras October 15, 1999, 8.
- ↑ Cecília Travanca: Reconhecer Leonel Trindade. Cooperativa de Comunicação e Cultura, Torres Vedras 1999, 34-51.
- ↑ Leonel Joaquim Trindade, Isabel Luna: Museu Municipal de Torres Vedras, Cem Mil Anos de História, Sessenta Anos de Vida. In: Torres Cultural 3, Torres Vedras 1990. pp. 38-40.
- ↑ João Zilhão , Emanuel Carvalho, Ana Cristina Araújo: A estação epipaleolítica da Ponta da Vigia (Torres Vedras) . In: Arqueologia. Volume 16, 1988, 19-39.
Coordinates: 39 ° 5 '24.6 " N , 9 ° 15' 32.9" W.