Gleaning mining

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As gleanings mining is defined as the acquisition of parts of the deposit that, security union during the previous operation for economic, technical mountain or mountain legal reasons, had not won. The subsequent extraction of usable minerals from the dump material is also referred to as gleaning mining.

Basis for a follow-up mining

In order for a mine to be able to carry out retrospective mining, usable and recoverable reserves must still be available from the deposit. This is the case when parts of the deposit have to remain as safety pillars for safety or mining law reasons . Some mining methods remain remaining pillars are that need to be left out of mountain technical reasons and then to the degradation losses count. Due to inadequate processing systems, not all minerals can or could not be separated from one another. During the extraction, a mixture of waste rock, ash, charcoal and fine-grain ore was created , which was not taken from the smelting companies in this form. Minerals that occurred with other more valuable minerals in a deposit were also not mined due to low proceeds . Minerals that were difficult to process were either brought to the old man as a backfill or dumped on a dump. Sometimes this material contained up to 30 percent mineral components.

reasons

The reasons for gleaning mining are very diverse. On the one hand, for economic reasons, gleaning mining is carried out. Thus, during the Great Depression gleaning mining operated on some mines for cost reasons. During the Second World War , gleaning mining was carried out due to a lack of certain raw materials. For economic reasons, too, gleaning mining can be lucrative. For example, remnants of deposits are extracted in gleaning mining in order to bridge the period until a new part of the deposit is dismantled. In some cases, gleaning mining is so inexpensive and the quantities of minerals extracted are so small that normal mining is not necessary or worthwhile.

execution

The follow-up mining is either carried out on an existing mine, or mining is carried out using small mines on remaining pillars or other remaining minerals are mined. However, the pillars are often under great pressure and mining is difficult from a mining point of view. Chamber construction is often used as a dismantling process . The pillars between the dismantled chambers are dismantled in the form of discs. This process is known as central chamber construction. Occasionally the pillars are also dismantled in the transverse construction. The remaining cavities must be well developed . Wooden or recovery boxes are installed as an extension . If it is feasible and profitable, the backfill material that is in the old man is also extracted and reprocessed. Dust-like, mineral-containing mixtures that are in the old man are taken out of this pit and processed. But also tailings dumped on the dump are partially processed again in the follow-up mining. With modern processing plants it is possible to process all these materials economically and to extract most of the minerals from them.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Förderverein Rammelsberger Bergbaumuseum Goslar eV (Ed.): Ore mining in the Rammelsberg. Self-published by the Förderverein, Druck Papierflieger Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Goslar 2009, pp. 19, 59 - 60, 74, 77, 106, 133.
  2. ↑ a b c Felix Hermann: The antimony ore deposits of Central and Southern Europe, their position in terms of deposits and economic importance . In: Negotiations of the Federal Geological Institute : Issue 4–6, Vienna, April - May - June 1947, p. 77.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Wilfried Ließmann: Historical mining in the Harz. 3rd edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-540-31327-4 , pp. 27, 228, 335-336.
  4. ^ Walter Bischoff , Heinz Bramann, Westfälische Berggewerkschaftskasse Bochum: The small mining dictionary . 7th edition, Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1988, ISBN 3-7739-0501-7 .
  5. ↑ a b Hartmut Carsten Bittmann: Copper in the Ore Mountains . Copper ore deposits and mining in the Ore Mountains between 1470 and 1750, examined master's thesis at the Technical University of Dresden, Dresden 2014, p. 8.
  6. ↑ a b Thomas Kießling, Henry Steinborn, Frank Schröder: The fluorspar extraction near Ilmenau in the Thuringian Forest . In: Ring Deutscher Bergingenieure eV (Hrsg.): Mining. Makossa Druck und Medien GmbH, Gelsenkirchen March 2007, ISSN  0342-5681 , pp. 112-115.
  7. ↑ Lower Saxony State Office for Soil Research (Ed.): Raw material security report 2000 of the Lower Saxony State Office for Soil Research . Hanover 2001, p. 29.
  8. ↑ Gerhard Koetter (Ed.): Mining in the Muttental. 1st edition. Druckstatt Wöhrle, Witten 2001, ISBN 3-00-008659-5 .