Nagar (state)

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Location map of the north of Pakistan
The Hunza Valley, view along the valley to Nagar

Nagar (Urdu: نگر) was a mountain kingdom in the northernmost part of the Pakistani autonomous region of Gilgit-Baltistan ( Northern Areas until August 2009 ), which existed until 1974. The state bordered the Gilgit Agency to the south and west and the former mountain kingdom of Hunza to the north and east. The capital of the Nagar Empire was the city of Nagar . Today the area of ​​Nagar is divided into three districts, the so-called Hunza-Nagar districts. India claims the ancient areas of the kingdoms of Nagar, Gilgit and Baltistan as part of its country, as a state territory of Jammu & Kashmir .

history

Nagar was an autonomous kingdom that was closely associated with the neighboring kingdom of Hunza. In the British period of the Raj , the British took control of Nagar state from 1889 to 1892. The British did not rule directly, but accepted the autonomy of Nagar and Hunza and set up a vassal from Kashmir . The rulers of Nagar had to pay an annual tribute to Kashmir Durbar until 1947. The two kingdoms of Nagar and Hunza were then extremely loyal to the royal houses of Jammu and Kashmir, the Maharajas of Kashmir.

In 1947 Nagar was incorporated into Pakistan, but largely retained its autonomous status. In 1968 Syed Yahya Shah , the first professional politician in the Nagar Valley , demanded democratic rights from the Mir (King). When the dictatorship of Muhammed Ayub Khan in Pakistan ended and the democratic government of the Pakistan Peoples Party under Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto came to power through elections, the people of Nagar turned against the Mir and demanded democracy. Because of this political pressure, the Mir government released the protesters captured during the democratic movement. The Mir from Hunza and Nagar were deposed and Nagar was incorporated into the Northern Areas in 1974 .

succession

The rulers of Nagar were determined by the line of succession of the Maghlot dynasty called Mir. She was assisted by a council of viziers or by ruling ministers . The dates of the early regents are not known and dates have only been available since 1839. The son of the last regent, Mir Ghazanfar Ali Khan, was Northern Areas' deputy head of government in 2005 .

Reign Ruler of Nagar
Unknown dates Fadl Khan
Unknown dates Daud Khan
Unknown dates Ali Dad Khan (1st time)
Unknown dates Hari Tham Khan
Unknown dates Ali Dad Khan (2nd time)
Unknown dates Kamal Khan
Unknown dates Rahim Khan I
Unknown Dates - 1839 Rahim Khan II
1839-1891 Jafar Zahid Khan (1st time)
1891-1892 Raja Azur Khan (interim)
1892-1904 Jafar Zahid Khan (2nd time)
1905 - March 17, 1940 Raja Mir Iskandar Khan
March 17, 1940 - September 25, 1974 Shaukat Ali Khan (1930-1976)
September 25, 1974 Dissolution of the kingdom

geography

The rakaposhi

Nagar is a very differently designed high mountain area, which offers a certain protection against enemy invasions. The highest mountain with 7,788 m above sea level is the Rakaposhi , which is located in the south of the city of Nagar. From Gilgit to Pissan, the Karakoram Highway passes the state of Nagar, here it follows the upper reaches of the Hunza River on the orographic left side of the valley, while on the other side of the valley it leads through the former Kingdom of Hunza to the Kunjirap Pass in China. North of the city of Nagar, the road runs through Nagar again for a few kilometers.

Population and religion

According to a census in 2000, the number of inhabitants in the Nagar Valley is 90,000. Nagar is home to mainly two ethnic groups , the Burushaski and the Shina. In the valley, the old Burushaski language is spoken with a modern accent.

The population of Nagar is traditionally dominated by the Shia ( Jafria ). In January 2005 there was religiously motivated violence by the Sunni Tanzim Ahle Sunnah wal Jama'at and the Central Anjuman-e-Imamia Northern Areas , which represent the (Jafria) Shias. On February 18, 2005, a six-point peace agreement was signed between the parties, which the Northern Areas Legislative Council (NALC) proposed.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Buroshall Say Nagar Tak ka Safar, by Muhammad Ismail Tehseen, Brushal ke Qabail by Syed Yahya Shah (the book is written in Urdu and available in the municipal library of Gilgit)
  2. a b Ibrahim Shahid, Sunni and Shia groups sign peace deal in Gilgit ( Memento of November 24, 2005 in the Internet Archive ), Daily Times (Pakistan) of February 20, 2005
  3. Ben Cahoon, WorldStatesmen.org: Pakistan Princely States . Retrieved October 3, 2007.