Nawāqid al-Islam

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The Nawāqid al-Islām ( Arabic نواقض الإسلام, DMG Nawāqiḍ al-Islām  'factors that destroy Islam') are a concept of Salafist Islam with a Wahhabi character. Accordingly, there are ten behaviors that a Muslim must avoid, because otherwise he will lose his affiliation with Islam. The concept goes back to a treatise of the same name by Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb . The former Grand Mufti of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Bāz wrote a comment on this.

The ten behaviors that destroy Islam are:

  1. Shirk in worshiping Allah (associating partners with Allah). Allah says: Verily, Allah will not forgive that gods are set by him (i.e. Shirk): but he forgives what is less than this, whom he wills ( sura 4 : 116). And He says: Whoever puts gods aside to Allah, Allah has denied Paradise, and fire will be his shelter. And the wicked should not find helpers ( sura 5 : 72). This category also includes sacrifices for others than Allah, such as those who sacrifice for a jinn or for a grave.
  2. Whoever takes mediators between himself and Allah, calls on them and begs for intercession, relies on them, has committed unbelief according to the consensus .
  3. Whoever does not regard the polytheists as unbelievers, or who doubts their unbelief, or regards their ways and forms of belief as correct, has committed unbelief (himself)
  4. Whoever believes that any other guidance is more perfect than the guidance of the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him - and that one's judgment is better than the judgment of the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him - such as someone who if the judgment of the Tawāghīt (pl. of Tāghūt ) prefers the judgment of the Prophet, such an unbeliever is.
  5. Whoever hates something that the Messenger has come with, even if he does so, has become incredulous.
  6. Whoever makes fun of or ridicule of any part of the Messenger's religion or of its reward or punishment has committed disbelief. The proof of this is: Say: "Was it about Allah and His Signs and His Messenger that you were mocking? Do not try to apologize. You have disbelieved after you believed. ( Sura 9 : 65-66)
  7. Magic, which includes spells to make someone hate things he aspires to or love things he doesn't aspire to (`atf). Whoever is committing this or who is satisfied that this is being committed has committed unbelief. The proof of this is Allah's statement: The two, however, did not teach anyone anything without saying: "We are only a temptation, do not disbelieve!" ( Sura 2 : 102)
  8. Supporting and helping the polytheists against the Muslims. The proof of this is Allah's statement: and whoever takes them from you as allies and protectors, he truly belongs to them. Verily, Allah does not guide the unrighteous people. (Sura 5:51)
  9. Whoever believes that some people are allowed to be free from practicing the Shari'ah of Muhammad , just as al-Kidr was allowed to be free from practicing the Shari'ah of Moses , is an unbeliever.
  10. Turning away from the religion of Allah, that one does not learn or practice it (is an act of disbelief). It says: And who is more unjust than someone who is reminded of the signs of his Lord and then turns away from them? Verily, We will take revenge on sinners. ( Sura 32:22 )

Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb concludes the list of ten points with the following statement: “There is no difference in these factors between one who jokes, one who is serious, or one who does so out of fear. However, those who are compelled to do them are excused. All of these ten factors are among the most dangerous and of those that are common. Therefore, the Muslim must beware of them and be afraid that they will attack him. We seek refuge with Allah from these things which draw His wrath and bring painful punishment. May Allah’s blessings and salvation be upon the best of all creatures - Mohammed. "

literature

  • Andrew Rippin: Muslims: their religious beliefs and practices . 3rd ed. Routledge, London, 2005. pp. 167-169.
  • Andrew Rippin: Islam and the politics of violence: Defining the Muslim community. in David J. Hawkin (ed.): The Twenty-first Century Confronts Its Gods: Globalization, Technology, and War . SUNY, New York, 2004. pp. 129-140.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. Rippin: Muslims: their religious beliefs and practices . 2005, p. 169.