Nebes oil
| Nebes oil in hieroglyphics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
nebes nbs nebes oil |
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As Nebes oil designated the ancient Egyptians a highly aromatic oil , probably from Syrian Christusdorn ( Ziziphus spina-christi ) or Ziziphus lotus was recovered. It could also have been the black breastberry ( Cordia myxa syn .: Cordia sebastena ), they were used by the Egyptians very early, or Cordia dichotoma (syn .: Cordia obliqua ). It already appears on ivory labels in the 1st dynasty and later increasingly in the Old Kingdom , where the oil is listed as a fragrance and anointing oil in the lists of sacrifices for the cult of the dead. It is no longer mentioned after the New Kingdom .
literature
- Jochem Kahl , Nicole Kloth, Ursula Zimmermann: The inscriptions of the 3rd dynasty: an inventory. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1995, ISBN 3-447-03733-4 , pp. 65-67, 197.
- Thomas Schneider : The 101 most important questions. Ancient Egypt. CH Beck, Munich 2010, ISBN 3-406-59983-4 , p. 83.
- Wolfgang Helck : Economic history of ancient Egypt in the 3rd and 2nd millennium BC Brill, Leiden 1975, ISBN 90-04-04269-5 , pp. 12, 214.
Individual evidence
- ↑ John F. Nunn: Ancient Egyptian Medicine. Red River Books, 1996, University of Oklahoma Press, 2002, ISBN 0-8061-3504-2 , pp. 15, 152.
- ^ EA Wallis Budge : From Fetish To God Ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press, 1934, Keagan Paul, 2004, Routledge, 2013, ISBN 978-0-710-30912-9 (Reprint), p. 222.
- ^ DO Wijnands: The Botany of the Commelins. Balkema, 1983, ISBN 90-6191-262-8 , p. 52.