Nepenthes pervillei
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Nepenthes pervillei , air can |
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Nepenthes pervillei is a Kannenpflanzenart from the family of pitcher plants plants (Nepenthaceae). It isnativeto the Seychelles only.
description
Nepenthes pervillei is a creeping or climbing vine . The root is long and well developed. The woody stem is red-brown and cylindrical in cross-section.
The plant forms rosettes. The leathery, bare, stem-encompassing leaves reach a length of up to 25 centimeters, the apparent leaf blades , which in the strict sense only represent a transformed leaf base , are entire and obovate. The outermost end tapers to a point, the "leaf base" is wedge-shaped. The four or five side ribs per half of the leaf are parallel, the central rib protrudes in the form of a tendril over the "blade", which merges into the pot at its end, only then is the actual leaf blade.
The contrast between ground jugs and air cans, which is actually pronounced in the genus, is less pronounced in Nepenthes pervillei , both forms can occur together in rosettes close to the ground, but only air cans are found in climbing plants. In the inward-facing ground pitchers, the tendril is up to 40 centimeters long, the pitchers are urn-shaped and have lashed wing strips. Air cans are up to 5 centimeters long tendrils, point outwards and the lashed wing strips are missing. They are up to 21 centimeters high and colored red, green, yellow or orange depending on the location. The can opening is inclined from the inside outwards, the bent back peristome has transverse ribs. The lid is round, horizontally straight and measures up to 3 centimeters in diameter.
The peduncle is up to 40 centimeters long and has a panicle . It bears up to twenty-four flowers and grows exclusively from the rosettes of air jugs. Like all pitcher plants, Nepenthes pervillei is dioecious, i.e. a plant is either female or male, but never hermaphroditic. The male flowers have four, rarely five, adherent to each other at the base bloom , the individual lobes are up to 2 millimeters long and pointed. There are six anthers , the stamens have grown together to form a short column . The female flowers have four or five bracts, are fused at the base, bluntly lobed and up to 2 millimeters long. The three or four scars bearing ovary are inverted-cone-shaped.
The fruit is inverted-cone-shaped and three-lobed. It is leathery, olive green when young, becoming light brown with increasing maturity. Unusually for the genus, the black seeds are not thin, thread-like, but short and blunt at one end.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 80.
distribution
Nepenthes pervillei is the only pitcher plant species found in the Seychelles , here it can be found on the islands of Mahé and Silhouette . It grows at altitudes of 350-500 meters on granite rocks.
ecology
Nepenthes pervillei grows on a very thin or occasionally completely absent substrate layer, its long-growing roots reach into deep crevices in the rocks, where, in addition to moisture, it probably also absorbs the nitrogen produced there by cyanobacteria of the Lyngbyia genus as a nutrient.
The pitchers of Nepenthes pervillei are the habitat of a species of mite, Creutzeria seychellensis .
Systematics
The first description of Nepenthes pervillei was in 1852 by Carl Ludwig von Blume . Due to some unique characteristics of fruit, seeds and male flowers within the genus, Hooker placed them in their own section Anourosperma in 1873 and Ernst Hans Hallier in their own genus Anurosperma in 1921 ( sic !).
Molecular biological investigations as well as morphological features suggest that Nepenthes pervillei forms a basal clade within the genus together with the other endemites of the western limit of distribution ( Nepenthes madagascariensis and Nepenthes masoalensis in Madagascar and Nepenthes distillatoria from Sri Lanka) .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Wolfram Adlassnig, Marianne Peroutka, Hans Lambers, Irene K. Lichtscheidl: The roots of carnivorous plants. In: Plant and Soil. Vol. 274, No. 1/2, 2005, ISSN 0032-079X , pp. 127-140, JSTOR 24129039 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Rosemary Wise: A fragile Eden. Portraits of the endemic flowering plants of the granitic Seychelles. With "The biogeography of the Seychelles Islands" contributed by Malcolm Coe. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ et al. 1998, ISBN 0-691-04817-7 , p. 105.
- ↑ a b c d e f Matthew Jebb, Martin Cheek: A Skeletal Revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). In: Blumea. Vol. 42, 1997, ISSN 0006-5196 , pp. 1–106, here pp. 73–74, ( digital version (PDF; 8.82 MB) ).
- ↑ a b Harald Meimberg, Günther Heubl: Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. In: Plant Biology. Vol. 8, No. 6, 2006, ISSN 1435-8603 , pp. 831-840, here p. 832, doi : 10.1055 / s-2006-924676 .
- ^ Nepenthes pervillei at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ Herbert HJ Nesbitt: A new anoetid (Acari) of the genus Creutzeria from the Seychelles. In: Canadian Entomologist. Vol. 111, No. 11, 1979, ISSN 0008-347X , pp. 1201-1205, doi : 10.4039 / Ent1111201-11 .
- ↑ Harald Meimberg, Andreas Wistuba , Peter Dittrich, Günther Heubl: Molecular Phylogeny of Nepenthaceae Based on Cladistic Analysis of Plastid trnK Intron Sequence Data. In: Plant Biology. Vol. 3, No. 2, 2001, pp. 164-175, doi : 10.1055 / s-2001-12897 .