Nephin
| Nephin | ||
|---|---|---|
| Alternative name (s): | Enfé | |
| Creation time : | 12th Century | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Standing position : | Barons | |
| Place: | Enfe | |
| Geographical location | 34 ° 21 '37.9 " N , 35 ° 43' 43" E | |
| Height: | 3 m | |
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The Nephin Castle (also Nephim , Arabic قلعة أنفة, DMG Qalʿat Anfa ) is a former crusader castle in today's Lebanon .
location
The castle was located on a narrow peninsula in Enfe on the Mediterranean Sea, about 8 km southwest of Tripoli .
history
The castle was built in the 12th century and was the center of the Nephin rule in Tripoli County . As of 1163, the noble Occitan family Renouard (also Raynouard ) is named as Lords of Nephin . Though repeatedly besieged, the castle was never conquered by the Muslims. In 1282 the castle was used by the Count of Tripoli as a prison for the brothers Guido II, Johann and Balduin von Gibelet , who had rebelled against the Count and whom he finally had buried alive here. The castle was abandoned by the Franks in 1289 after the Mamluks had conquered Tripoli and evacuated without a fight. The Mamluk sultans had the castle razed. Of the former castle complex, only the moat cut deep into the rock can be seen, which separated the peninsula from the mainland, as well as a few isolated boss stones .
literature
- Charles du Fresne du Cange : Les familles d'outre-mer. Imprimerie Impériale, Paris 1869, p. 413 ff.
- Weyprecht H. Rudt von Collenberg: Les "Raynouard" seigneurs de Nephin et de Maraclé en Terre sainte, et leur parenté en Languedoc. In: Cahiers de civilization médiévale. Vol. 7, No. 27, 1964, ISSN 0007-9731 , pp. 289-311 .
Web links
- Castle Nephin at maxime.goepp.free.fr (French)
- The Lords of Nephim at fmg.ac
- Google Earth: "Anfeh" / Enfeh (castle model is automatically displayed when the peninsula is shown)