Neusaß linden tree

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Trunk view

The Neusaß linden tree is a natural monument in Neusaß near the Neusaß pilgrimage chapel , which belongs to the Schöntal Monastery , a district of Schöntal . The summer linden ( Tilia platyphyllos ) is around 300 to 500 years old and has a trunk circumference of 8.62 meters. Until 1876 there was market activity around the linden tree for several centuries and until 1978 its crown carried a platform. The linden tree has been professionally renovated several times over the past 35 years. The German Tree Archive counts the linden tree among the "nationally important trees (NBB)".

location

Linden tree with forester's house and pilgrimage church

The lime tree at the Neusaß pilgrimage church, about 1.5 kilometers southeast of Schöntal Abbey and 2.5 kilometers south of Schöntal at an altitude of about 335 meters above sea ​​level , stands completely free in a meadow that is surrounded on one side by a hedge. About 50 meters away is the Neusasser Forsthaus from the 18th century, formerly also known as the Jägerhaus , which emerged from a monastery farm. Between the forester's house and the linden tree there was a barn, known as the Weinhäusle , which was torn down when a garage was being built. The Accishütte was located near the linden tree until 1880 . There the taxes of the wine taverns and butchers were collected. On the other side of the forester's house is the pilgrimage chapel, to which pilgrimages have been taking place regularly since 1395.

history

Trunk view

The tree is said to have emerged from three closely planted linden trees that grew together over time. This is also indicated by the first reference to the linden tree from 1750. In a map from this time, the entry Linden is at the place of today's linden , which indicates several trees, i.e. multiple planting. In sacred places such as near pilgrimage churches, three trees were often planted close together as a symbol of the Christian Trinity. The first written mention comes from the year 1883 from the Oberamt Künzelsau . In the description of the Oberamt Künzelsau it says to Neusaß: “Behind the Jägerhaus lies the former market square with a magnificent linden tree.” In the Swabian tree book from 1911, the dimensions of the linden tree are given, a circumference of 5.5 meters and a height of 25 meters . Towards the end of the Second World War , there were short, sometimes very fierce battles in the region around Neusass. The crown of the linden tree was hit directly by a grenade . On April 13, 1955, the linden tree was placed under protection. For a longer period of time, a platform made of poles with a railing was attached to the crown, to which a ladder led up. This platform was so large that 10 to 15 people could dine on it. The Hohenloher Zeitung reported in 1958 under the heading Midsummer Night Festival on the old linden tree :

“Many roads lead to Schöntal, the Rome of the Jagst valley. Countless visitors come there every year to marvel at the old, former monastery. In such times, especially in the summer months, the Schöntal citizens like to take the opportunity to escape the hustle and bustle for a few hours. They move quietly to Neusaß to celebrate an impromptu party in the Hotel zumgrün. An establishment with the same name will not be found anywhere in the gastronomy list. Also, no alcohol or any other spring water is served. But district forester Mainka can sing many a song about the summer night festivals that are improvised here in front of his front door and above his roof, regardless of the weather or day of the week. Because here is an 800-year-old linden tree, estimated to be as old as the monastery itself. A stable ladder leads up to the linden tree in question, and several benches and a table await the visitors. Wind and storm and probably also some lightning strikes have split the old tree and created space for a platform on which you can sit better in the shade of the leaves than in the most beautiful panoramic café. You don't have to pay a service charge for the drinks you bring with you. A really extraordinary case. And because everything about this tree is extraordinary, starting with the branches, which are as strong as the linden trees themselves elsewhere, the thickness of the tree no longer astonishes the visitor. 10 children can barely grasp the trunk with outstretched arms. If you should move to Schöntal in the near future, you will certainly not miss the opportunity to climb up the old linden tree in Neusaß. "

- Hohenloher newspaper. 1958.
Trunk view

In 1978 the decrepit linden tree was rehabilitated by the Schöntal Forestry Office in cooperation with the District Office as the lower nature conservation authority and the district office for nature conservation and landscape management. The platform was dismantled and the rotten wood removed from the inside of the trunk. The resulting wounds were treated with wood preservatives against fungal attack. Some branches were connected with wire ropes to prevent the crown from breaking apart. However, these measures were not sufficient in the long run. In 1989 the crown was severely reduced. As a result, the linden tree sprouted numerous new branches and became so leafy that in 2001 some of the branches had to be removed again. The measure reduced the weight of the crown and let more light fall inside.

In 2004 the linden tree was renovated again. The Niedernhall forest district, which recently moved to the neighboring forest house, carried out the work; the state and the forestry department bore the costs of 3,000 euros. Because of the installation of steel cables during the renovation in 1978, the load-bearing branches had too little support wood and the branches could no longer support themselves. Therefore the crown was trimmed for safety reasons. As parked cars had damaged the roots, the space around the linden tree was closed to motor vehicles as part of the renovation.

The tree is at risk because the anchors threaten to tear off the branches. The emerging trunks are hollowed out by rot and hardly produce any fresh wood.

description

View from the south

The trunk of the linden tree is completely hollow. Openings of different sizes have formed on several sides. The trunk is also partially open at the top. Originally it probably consisted of three tribes that have grown together over time. On the ground it formed a pronounced trunk foot. The first branch comes off at a height of less than two meters. Several large branches form the large crown, which is secured with ropes. The linden tree is about 22 meters high with a crown diameter of about 25 meters. The first indication of the circumference of 5.5 meters is given in the Swabian Tree Book from 1911. In 2002 the circumference was 8.3 meters. In the past 90 years, the linden tree has grown an average of one centimeter in thickness. The German tree archive was in 2000 for the position of least diameter (waist) circumference of 8.23 meters and 8.38 meters in 2002 from one meter height. In 2012 the circumference of the trunk at a height of 1.3 meters (so-called breast height diameter ) was 8.62 meters; the waist was exactly at this height. The age is sometimes given as 800 to 1000 years. However, due to the large increase in thickness over the past 100 years, this information is implausible; 350 to a maximum of 500 years are more likely. The German Tree Archives give the linden tree an age of 300 to 420 years.

Market festival

In the past, twice a year, a popular and well-known market took place in the vicinity of the linden tree. Today the field name is next to the linden tree along the access road Marktplatz . Since Neusaß and Schöntal have only belonged to a municipality since 1834, the market fairness was auctioned off by the Royal Kameralamt Schöntal at the highest bidder. The market was held twice a year in spring and late summer and lasted three days. It is said to have taken place regularly since the Schöntal Monastery was founded, but there is no evidence of this. The oldest written reference is in the Schöntaler Chronik for the year 1661. According to the camera office, there should have been a privileged market only since around 1650. There was a crisis towards the middle of the 19th century. There were fewer visitors, the number of prospective tenants fell, and there was a dispute between the traders about the quality of the stand material provided. The last market took place in 1876.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Bernd Ullrich, Stefan Kühn, Uwe Kühn: Our 500 oldest trees: Exclusively from the German Tree Archive . 2nd revised edition. BLV Buchverlag GmbH & Co. KG, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-8354-0957-6 , p. 226 .
  2. ↑ Hellmut Vianni: Neusaß: Sanctuary, Forsthaus and Linde . S. 9 .
  3. ↑ Hellmut Vianni: Neusaß: Sanctuary, Forsthaus and Linde . S. 10 .
  4. ↑ http://www.schoental.de/index.php?id=347
  5. ↑ Hellmut Vianni: Neusaß: Sanctuary, Forsthaus and Linde . S. 5 .
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h Hellmut Vianni: Neusaß: pilgrimage church, forester's house and linden tree . S. 13 .
  7. ^ W. Kohlhammer: Description of the Oberamt Künzelsau . Ed .: Royal Statistical-Topographical Bureau. Johann Christian Dieterich, Stuttgart 1883, p. 817 ( online at Wikisource ).
  8. ^ Friedrich Blumenstock: The invasion of the Americans and French in northern Württemberg in April 1945 . 1957, p. 85 .
  9. ↑ Neusasser Linde. State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg, accessed on June 3, 2012 .
  10. ↑ Hellmut Vianni: Neusaß: Sanctuary, Forsthaus and Linde . S. 14 .
  11. ↑ a b c d e Hellmut Vianni: Neusaß: pilgrimage church, forester's house and linden tree . S. 15 .
  12. ↑ a b Susanne Hämmerle: Hairdresser appointment for the large linden tree. Voice.de, July 7, 2004, accessed June 3, 2012 .
  13. ↑ Hellmut Vianni: Neusaß: Sanctuary, Forsthaus and Linde . S. 16 .
  14. ↑ Hellmut Vianni: Neusaß: Sanctuary, Forsthaus and Linde . S. 18 .

literature

  • Hellmut Vianni: Neusaß: pilgrimage church, forester's house and linden tree .
  • Bernd Ullrich, Stefan Kühn, Uwe Kühn: Our 500 oldest trees: Exclusively from the German Tree Archives . 2nd revised edition. BLV Buchverlag GmbH & Co. KG, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-8354-0957-6 .
  • Michael Brunner: Important linden trees - 400 giant trees in Germany . Haupt-Verlag, Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna 2007, ISBN 978-3-258-07248-7 .
  • The great ADAC Nature Travel Guide Germany: fascinating routes to 1,300 natural sights between Rügen and Lake Constance . ADAC Verlag, Munich 1991, ISBN 3-87003-390-8 , p. 669-670 .

Web links

Commons : Neusaßer Linde  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 49 ° 19 ′ 15.1 ″  N , 9 ° 31 ′ 15.9 ″  E