New Mexico Territory
The New Mexico Territory was a historic territory of the United States that existed between 1850 and 1912. It was created on September 9, 1850 under President Millard Fillmore and existed until New Mexico became the 47th state on January 6, 1912 .
The western part of New Mexico was created in 1848 by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo , which was added as a remnant of eastern New Mexico (from Rio Grande to today's New Mexico- Texas border) as a result of the compromise of 1850 . By the Gadsden Purchase ( Engl. Gadsden Purchase ) of 1853, the United States acquired from Mexico an area of 77,700 square kilometers south of the Gila River , which is now the south of Arizona makes and New Mexico to get a better route for a railroad to California , which, however, was never built. This area was added to the New Mexico Territory.
The original New Mexico Territory from 1850 contained the western part of the future state, and most of the future Arizona Territory (better known as Santa Ana County ), a small portion of Colorado and Nevada south of 36 ° 30'N .
The Texas cession and Gadsden purchase greatly expanded the territory, but the creation of the Colorado Territory on February 28, 1861 and the Arizona Territory on February 24, 1863 (west of 109th longitude) left the New Mexico Territory in its own later borders than the state of New Mexico left.
As a connection route to California, New Mexico and Arizona were hotly contested during the American Civil War because the Gadsden settlers voluntarily joined the Confederate States of America . After the Battle of Glorieta Pass , Union territory fell to. The Confederate Arizona Territory was the first American state of Arizona .
See also
- Historic territories on United States soil
- List of states in the United States (with date of incorporation, sortable by columns)
