Non-destructive editing
Non-destructive editing is a way of editing data or signals in which the original content is preserved. Examples are with video editing software , a non-linear editing system or non-destructive image editing software.
A list contains a sequence of modifications - for video, for example, a cut list or a directed acyclic graph for still images. When the modified video, image or audio material is output or accessed, it is recreated from the source material using the editing steps. Although this process is more computationally intensive than the one-time implementation, the editing of the change instructions can be done almost instantaneously and it minimizes generation losses . The additional computing effort can be countered by caching and working with a reduced preview.
history
Non-destructive video editing
When the Ampex company introduced the first popular video tape in 1956 , the only way to edit the tape was to physically cut the tape with a razor blade and then join the sections together. Although the material cut was not really "destroyed", the context was lost and the material was usually discarded. In 1963, with the introduction of the Ampex Editec, video tape could be processed electronically in a process known today as linear video editing , by selectively transferring source material to another tape, the so-called “master”. The original recordings are hardly touched.
Nonlinear editing, originally developed by CMX Systems in 1971 and now the most common video editing process, is also non-destructive: raw material is digitized into electronic files and stored in a disk storage system. The finished product being processed is simply a sequence of digital files played back by the processing computer. In this case, neither the original material nor the digitized original files are destroyed by the editing process.
Non-destructive image editing
The first significant application of this technique in professional image processing came in 1993 in Live Picture from HSC Software . Using non-destructive image processing: since 2008 the GEGL graphics library from GIMP , Adobe Camera Raw (under Adobe Photoshop ) and since 2014 Apple Photos . In the latter z. For example, the actual image file remains unchanged, while all processing data (in XML format) are each stored in an external file (with the same name with the extension .aae). Each time the image is called up, these must be retrieved and applied to the image. This also required additional compatibility , namely that this file format is recognized by iOS and macOS , as well as by other programs and systems such as Windows, which is currently (as of 2017) not the case.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Quadruplex videotape history
- ↑ velocite.net/ampex/ampex.html ( Memento from March 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Heather Wallace in FACER E-Zine: The History of Digital Nonlinear Editing ( Memento from April 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ A Brief History Of Electronic Editing ( Memento of October 21, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ John Neel: Live Picture - Software that was way ahead of its time . In: Haley Steinhardt (Ed.): Pixiq . Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., New York March 13, 2011 ( online [accessed July 21, 2015]).
- ^ What is AAE file . In: File-extensions.org . ( file-extensions.org [accessed March 4, 2017]).