Nickel hydrazine nitrate

Structural formula
General
Surname	Nickel hydrazine nitrate
other names	Tris (hydrazine) nickel (II) nitrate; Nickel (II) trihydrazine nitrate; Nickel nitrate trihydrazine; Tris (hydrazine- N) -bis (nitrato- O) -nickel; Tris (hydrazine) nickel dinitrate;
Molecular formula	[Ni (N 2 H 4 ) 3 ] (NO 3 ) 2
External identifiers / databases
Wikidata	Q1985626
properties
Molar mass	278.84 g mol −1
density	2.13 g cm −3 (in 95% ethanol, 25 ° C)
solubility	almost insoluble in water, ethanol , acetone , decomposes with sodium hydroxide solutions
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Nickel hydrazine nitrate or, according to IUPAC, trihydrazinonickel (II) nitrate , [Ni (N ₂ H ₄ ) ₃ ] (NO ₃ ) ₂ , is a highly flammable and highly explosive complex compound between nickel (II) nitrate and hydrazine , which is used as an initial explosive in detonators and is referred to as NHN for short.

Extraction and presentation

Nickel hydrazine nitrate is formed when an aqueous solution of nickel nitrate is reacted with dilute hydrazine hydrate in excess at 65 ° C.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {Ni (NO_ {3}) _ {2} +3 \ N_ {2} H_ {4} \ longrightarrow [Ni (N_ {2} H_ {4}) _ {3}] (NO_ { 3}) _ {2}}}

properties

Powdered nickel hydrazine nitrate

The compound is thermally stable up to 167 ° C and hydrolytically . It is a stable complex compound with the empirical formula H ₁₂ N ₈ NiO ₆ . It forms a light pink-red powder that is darker (light purple) when wet. NHN is not hygroscopic and almost insoluble in water, but it dissolves easily in dilute acids with decomposition. This creates the corresponding nickel and hydrazinium salt . When heated to 167 ° C or higher, NHN detonates with an explosion speed of 7000 m / s. Nickel hydrazine nitrate is relatively insensitive to friction, impact and electrostatic charging, but is sensitive to the effects of flames. It is therefore safer to handle than other initial explosives such as lead azide .

The most important safety-related parameters for the explosion behavior are:

Heat of explosion : 4390 kJ kg
Normal gas volume : 884 l kg ⁻¹
Detonation speed : 7000 m / s (density: 1.7 g / cm ³ )
Detonation pressure (calculated): 20.8 GPa (density: 1.7 g / cm ³ )
Deflagration point : 167 ° C

use

NHN is a stable initial explosive that is suitable as a substitute for lead azide and can therefore be used in ignition charges .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Zhu Shunguan, Wu Youchen, Zhang Wenyi, Mu Jingyan: Evaluation of a New Primary Explosive: Nickel Hydrazine Nitrate (NHN) complex , in: Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics , 1995 , 22 (6), p. 317-320; doi : 10.1002 / prep.19970220604 .
↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
↑ Hariharanath, B .; Chandrabhanu, KS; Rajendran, AG; Ravindran, M .; Kartha, CB: Detonator using Nickel Hydrazine Nitrate as Primary Explosive , in: Defense Science Journal , 2006 , 56 (3), pp. 383-389; doi : 10.14429 / dsj.56.1904 .

[PEP-1] Zhu Shunguan, Wu Youchen, Zhang Wenyi, Mu Jingyan: Evaluation of a New Primary Explosive: Nickel Hydrazine Nitrate (NHN) complex , in: Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics , 1995 , 22 (6), p. 317-320; doi : 10.1002 / prep.19970220604 .

[NV-2] This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.

[Hariharanath_et_al_2006-3] Hariharanath, B .; Chandrabhanu, KS; Rajendran, AG; Ravindran, M .; Kartha, CB: Detonator using Nickel Hydrazine Nitrate as Primary Explosive , in: Defense Science Journal , 2006 , 56 (3), pp. 383-389; doi : 10.14429 / dsj.56.1904 .